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随时随地学习
随时随地学习
1、Shanghai authorities have guaranteed the quality of the city’s drinking water _____ more than 7500 rotting pigs ______ floating on the Huangpu River in the past week．
A．despite of, being founded
B．in spite of, being found
C．despite, being founded
D．though, being found
2、He was left out when they ______ choosing a new manager, which came as a complete surprise to him.
A. set out B. set about
C. set off D. set up
3、My mother’s health ______ under the pressure of a big project and she had to see the doctor.
A.broke up B.broke away C.broke out D.broke down
4、. --- I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
--- Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ______ ?
A．was leaving
B．had left
C．has left
D．left
5、 ---The scarf is nice, but the price is a little bit too high.
---_______, but if you want to have good quality, you have to pay more.
A．No problem B. No offence
C. No wonder D. No doubt
6、You are hardworking and surely most of you _____ a college admission notice by the end of September this year．
A．will receive
B．will be receiving
C．will be received
D．will have received
7、—How did you make contact with the travel agent, Susan?
—Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one _____ the telephone number is provided.
A. that B. in which
C. of which D. whose
8、Driving Offence Point System is a computer-controlled system _____ to reduce accident rates and make roads much safer.
A. designing B. to design
C. to be designed D. designed
9、— Did you remember to give Jack the book?
—Yes, I gave it to him ______ I saw him.
A. while B. immediately
C. once D. suddenly
10、—Remind me to buy a bottle of wine for the party this weekend.
—I ________.
A. can B. must
C. should D. will
11、Last month, part of Britain was struck by snowstorms, from effects most passengers in Heathrow were suffering a lot, especially those with children.
A. which. B. what
C. that D. whose
12、One of the witnesses to the accident wrote a report to the police, he described what had happened.
A. for whom B. with whom
C. to which D. in which
13、A journal is not necessarily a reliable record of facts, for the writer's impressions color the telling of events．
A．shall B．might C．should D．must
14、It rained continuously for seven days, completely ________ our holiday.
A．ruined
B．to ruin
C．ruining
D．being ruined
15、Gradually some of them get used to depending on their parents and lack the ability to solve problems _____.
A．independently
B．individually
C．irrespectively
D．dependently
16、— GPS is ________ useful invention.
—Of course. It shows that there is ________ underground parking lot under the Moon Park.
A．/; an
B．a; an
C．an; an
D．an; a
17、—What a drive! I’m tired out.
—No wonder! You have been driving for such a long time ________ taking a break.
A. by B. without C. through D. in
18、The system has been designed to give students quick and easy _______ to the digital resources of the library.
A.access B.account C.approach D.addition
19、—Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else________, is there?
A．to who to turn
B．for her to turn
C．for whom to turn
D．she can turn to
20、My son’s 10 years birthday is drawing near, I decided to ________ a computer to give him as a gift.
A． borrow B． lend
C． purchase D． hire
21、 A group of schoolchildren wear colorful jackets; holding hands, they leave for a woodland picnic. Elsewhere a young man leaps into his car and speeds off to work. Moments later he loses control of the car and his spinning car kills each one of the cheery schoolchildren. The camera lingers on their dead hands and the now-empty classroom. Then an unpleasant voice explains that they represent the children killed as a result of speeding in Northern Ireland since 2000.
British road-safety ads are more shocking than those broadcast in America. The British have a preference for horror. It might reflect the nation's long tradition of public-service broadcasting, which seeks to entertain and inform at once. But do the ads work?
Though bloody，shocking public-information films linger in people’s heads, they seem not to change behavior much. If the consequences seem too extreme, few may believe that disaster could happen to them or adjust their behavior accordingly. Tessa Langley of the University of Nottingham has compared the influence of two smoking campaigns. One showed tumors erupting out of cigarettes and the other showed more positive effects that also urged people to quit. The former proved more memorable, but the latter led more people to ring the national smoking helpline.
The budget for public-information films is shrinking. The Central Office of Information, the government’s marketing department，was closed in 2011. In 2008-09 the Department for Transport (DfT) spent almost £3million on its drink-drive advertising campaign. In 2013-14 spending fell to less than £l million. Unable to afford as many spots on television, the producers hope their films will be shared on social media. And that is encouraging them to produce a great number of bloody ads. Less shocking ads might work better, but fewer people would see them.
【1】What’s the purpose of writing paragraph 1?
A.To share a terrible story with readers.
B.To show the harmful effects of speeding.
C.To offer an example of British bloody ads.
D.To describe a car accident in Northern Ireland.
【2】What message does the author mainly want to convey in paragraph 3?
A.There are two different campaigns designed to urge people to quit smoking.
B.Bloody public-information ads are more effective as they're more memorable.
C.Explaining the growth of tumors is a good way to urge people to quit smoking.
D.Showing the positive effects of giving up smoking can better persuade people to quit.
【3】What does the underlined word “shrinking” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Continuing. B.Decreasing. C.Removing. D.Progressing.
【4】What can be a suitable title for this text?
A.Do Shocking Ads Really Work?
B.What Public-information Ads Bring Us?
C.How Do the British Create Ads?
D.Why Are British Ads So Shocking?
22、 If you grew up watching the Jetsons, the idea of having a robot helper that cleans and cooks for your family has always been a fantasy. People want to have a robot do the housework and the good news is that great minds are working on it.
Elon Musk announced back in June that his OpenAI robotic institute was working on developing software that would enable off-the-shelf robots to do household chores and various other engineers are working on robots that could accomplish cleaning and organizing tasks. The bad news is that experts say not to expect these robots in our homes any time soon.
“Cleaning is different from other tasks we’ve thought about in robotics, which typically involved manipulating objects, or moving them place to place.” said Maya Cakmak, an assistant professor of computer science and engineering at the University of Washington, to MIT Technology Review.
Cakmak said that to accomplish household chores, robots have to know the fight tool for each specific task, the right angle to hold each tool, how to move it, how much pressure to use, how fast to move and more. Think about the variety of tools and techniques you use just to clean your kitchen. It’s much more complicated than just lifting objects and moving them.
Cakmak is teaching robots in her lab through demonstrating cleaning techniques for the robot’s vision system. The robot then imitates the cleaning motion .The goal is to get the robot to learn the correct cleaning motion and for it to be able to determine if the surface is clean after the action.
Even when that is accomplished, there’s a long way to go. In order for a robot to clean an entire house, it would have to be able to fully understand its environment and make decisions based on the state of each room—something that is beyond the current abilities of artificial intelligence. Cakmak says that she believes houses will also have to be redesigned with machines in mind so that robots can better identify their position within a home and move around in it.
【1】How can we describe about household chores for robots?
A.Complex and demanding. B.Simple and easy to handle.
C.Unusual but easy to manage. D.Dangerous and challenging.
【2】How does Cakmak instruct robots to do cleaning work?
A.By setting an example to them. B.By imitating the cleaning motion.
C.By analyzing their vision system. D.By teaching some specific techniques.
【3】What can we infer about the future of cleaning robots?
A.They’ll reach more consumers. B.They’ll help solve housework entirely.
C.They’ll still face many challenges ahead. D.They’ll be equipped with artificial intelligence.
【4】Which is a suitable title for the text?
A.Varied Styles of Cleaning Robots B.Benefits from Possessing Robots
C.Cleaning Robots: A Future New Trend D.Cleaning Robots: A Long Way to Go
23、As the population of the planet increases, so does the number of homes, businesses, parking lots, schools, airports and roadways. All these structures use electricity and need to be lighted. Humans demand these lights. They want their homes more comfortable and they want their streets safe. The problem is that researchers are finding that all the light is having a negative effect on humans and wildlife as well.
Less than 10 years ago I drove to a thinly populated section of my town, lay down in the middle of the road and watched an attractive meteor shower (流星雨). The area was short of homes, street lights and traffic. If I did that today, I wouldn't be able to see the meteor shower as well. Due to the increase in street lights, I would surely be run over by a car.
Nowadays scientists are finding light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution. If you've ever taken a flight at night, the view is beautiful, but you must remember that all the light you see wastes electricity. The crew of the space shuttles see an even bigger picture of how extensive the wasted electricity is worldwide.
One of the saddest parts of light pollution is that most of it is unnecessary and most of the outdoor light that we use is wasted. One only needs to look at a row of street lights to see how much of the light shines upwards and lights the sky; a total waste of electricity.
Additionally, somewhere electricity needs to be produced, and the production of electricity creates pollution by releasing greenhouse gases. This affects the air we breathe and our quality of life.
Scientists are also studying the effects of light pollution on wildlife. Thousands of birds die each year when they crash into highly lighted buildings, as they become puzzled by the light. It has been long known that tiny baby sea turtles become lost and follow lights on the shore instead of heading towards the sea.
Fortunately, light pollution is one of the easiest sources of pollution that can be corrected without a negative effect. Following some guidelines and a little searching on Google can give you many ideas on how to reduce your contribution to light pollution.
【1】It is implied in Paragraph 3 that the best way to deal with light pollution is ________.
A. reducing the output of the lights
B. avoiding the use of unnecessary lighting
C. educating people about light pollution
D. inventing environmentally- friendly lights
【2】Which of the following is the effect of light pollution?
A. Many animals species have died out.
B. More traffic accidents happen every day.
C. The air we breathe may be polluted.
D. It is much easier for us to watch meteor showers.
【3】What can be inferred from the text?
A. We are almost at a loss how to deal with light pollution.
B. Global warming results in light pollution in some way.
C. Astronauts can’t see clearly in space nowadays.
D. Some animals use natural light to direct their movements.
【4】What will probably be provided following the last paragraph?
A. Helpful tips for surfing the Internet.
B. approaches to decreasing light pollution.
C. Benefits of searching on Google.
D. More bad effects of light pollution.
24、Chinese scientists have created the world’s first light-based quantum (量子) computer named Jiuzhang. It is a milestone in which a quantum machine can solve a problem no classical supercomputer can tackle within a reasonable amount of time.
Experts recognized the Chinese machine as a “state-of-the-art experiment”. Fabio Sciarrino, a quantum physicist at Sapienza University of Rome, told Science News that his first impression of the Chinese quantum computer was, simply, “wow”. Anton Zeilinger, another famous quantum physicist, said that, following this experiment, he predicts there is a very good chance that quantum computers may be used very broadly someday.
Quantum computers stand out at running simulations (模拟) that are impossible for conventional computers. Quantum machines can take computational shortcuts when simulating extremely complex situations, while conventional computers have to force their way to a solution, taking significantly more time in the process. Moreover, it can perform an extreme calculation, called Gaussian boson sampling (玻色子取样), in 200 seconds. The same task would take the world’s fastest classical supercomputer, Fugaku, around 600 million years.
Pan Jianwei, who is recognized as China’s top quantum scientist and one of the key researchers behind Jiuzhang, said the calculations they carried out can not only showcase the machine’s computing power but also demonstrate potential practical applications in machine learning and quantum chemistry.
“Quantum computing has already become a fierce competition area among the United States, Europe and other developed regions,” Pan said, adding that China’s quantum computational advantage took about 7 to 10 years to achieve, since the team first decided to tackle the problem around 2013.
However, Pan stressed that the quantum computer is a highly specialized machine, and is currently only programmed to do boson sampling. “It is not a general-purpose quantum computer, ” he said. In the near future, scientists may increase Jiuzhang’s possible output states — a key indicator of computing power — from 10 to the 30th power to 10 to the 40th power.
【1】Why are two quantum physicists mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．To introduce different comments on Jiuzhang.
B．To present recognition of experts for Jiuzhang.
C．To praise the great influence of Jiuzhang on the world.
D．To describe experts’ prediction of the future of Jiuzhang.
【2】How does the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3 ?
A．By making contrasts.
B．By presenting reasons.
C．By analyzing figures.
D．By conducting experiments.
【3】What did Pan talk about Jiuzhang in the last paragraph?
A．Its application and central technology.
B．Its main function and input programme.
C．Its limitation and future development.
D．Its calculating capacity and storage space.
【4】What does the text mainly talk about?
A．Great reputation of Chinese quantum experts in the world.
B．Fierce competition in quantum computer all over the world.
C．Appearance of the world’s first light-based quantum computer.
D．Distinctions between quantum computer and conventional computer.
25、A student who was preparing to graduate from school sent out invitations to her family in the hope they would be able to attend on the day.
It wasn’t until a_________dropped back in reply that she_________she had sent one to the wrong address and the message inside is restoring people’s _________ in humanity.
The card politely informed her that her_________no longer live at the address, and the new owner took the time to_________the student on her achievements—even enclosing $20 inside as a_________.
The stranger’s heart-warming act was posted on Facebook, where the receiver said,
“I_________sent a graduation invitation to my extended family’s old address. I received this touching card (and $20!) _________!”
It_________, “Regretfully I must inform you that your relatives are not located at this address. I bought this house in September and am not__________with former owners. I unknowingly opened the envelope__________to them by mistake and am returning the invitation to you. That being said, I offer my congratulations! I don’t__________you, but I am proud of you for pursuing a career in a STEM field. US women have a lot of work to do to take our place in science.”
The image of the card has__________hundreds of comments as people were left surprised by the heart-warming act. One said happily, “It brought a__________to my face. What a wonderful and kind gesture from a(n) __________.”A second said, ”Some humans are absolutely wonderful.”
【1】
A．newspaper
B．card
C．letter
D．book
【2】
A．realized
B．imagined
C．hoped
D．reported
【3】
A．order
B．health
C．fame
D．faith
【4】
A．relatives
B．teachers
C．friends
D．classmates
【5】
A．forgive
B．praise
C．congratulate
D．respect
【6】
A．rule
B．gift
C．reward
D．result
【7】
A．quickly
B．naturally
C．accidentally
D．suddenly
【8】
A．in danger
B．in trouble
C．in need
D．in return
【9】
A．tells
B．reads
C．shows
D．spreads
【10】
A．familiar
B．satisfied
C．mixed
D．annoyed
【11】
A．exposed
B．attached
C．limited
D．addressed
【12】
A．understand
B．love
C．know
D．influence
【13】
A．gained
B．invited
C．made
D．passed
【14】
A．picture
B．flower
C．tear
D．smile
【15】
A．engineer
B．stranger
C．professor
D．student
26、Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学学生王颜林，自进入高中以来一直担任学校科学社团的负责人。你校 希望改变学生对科学普遍不感兴趣的局面，负责科学学科的教导主任请你写一份报告，内容 包括：
1. 根据科学社团的参与情况简要描述你校学生对科学学科的态度；
2. 分析学生对科学不感兴趣的原因；
3. 提出可以改善这一局面的建议。
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