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1、You can ask anyone for help. ________ here is willing to lend you a hand.
A. Everyone B. No one
C. One D. Someone
2、Interested in painting, he________ paint with pen and paper after work, gradually cultivating himself into a self-taught painter.
A.would B.must C.might D.should
3、The law of market shows _______ a product becomes rare to reach, its price will certainly rocket.
A.unless B.once C.though D.since
4、It’s already 10:00, I wonder how it _______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A.came over B.came out C.came about D.came up
5、As often happens after long sleeplessness, he was ________ by an unreasoning panic.
A．seized
B．fascinated
C．impressed
D．embarrassed
6、He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
A. that B. which
C. where D. what
7、-I had butterflies in my stomach before I gave that talk.
-I__________nervous too if I had been in you shoes.
A.was B.would be C.had been D.would have been
8、We had the feeling, somehow, _____ the revolution was right around the corner.
A. which B. that C. what D. When
9、Job interviews are carried out ___ face to face in four cities including Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou and Shaoxing in Zhejiang province every year.
A. slightly B. officially
C. extremely D. completely
10、Researchers are now conducting hibernation experiment and can use chemicals to put living cells into sleep-like state_____ they don’t age.
A. for which B. that
C. where D. which
11、John thinks it won’t be long ______he is ready for his new job .
A．when
B．after
C．before
D．since
12、We climbed up to the top of a hill, we got a good view of the whole forest park.
A. which B. where
C. when D. that
13、The water _____ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
A.was felt B.is felt C.felt D.feels
14、Difficulties strengthen the mind, ______labor does the body.
A. as B. whether
C. since D. because
15、––Are the repairs finished yet?
––Yes, they ______ when I came back home.
A. would be completed B. would complete
C. had completed D. had been completed
16、It never occurred to me_____ she could complete the task in such a short time.
A. which B. that C. what D. if
17、Alibaba has become China’s largest online commercial company, ______ a profit of 1.47 billion yuan in 2010.
A. earns B. earning C. earned D. to have earned
18、After class, the teacher couldn’t leave, by the students.
A. surrounded B. to surround
C. was surrounded D. surrounding
19、—Have you finished that long article written by the famous scientist?
—No, I used up my ______. It’s too long and I only stopped halfway.
A.determination B.devotion C.patience D.strength
20、The bridge, which ________ 1688, need repairing.
A. was dated from B. dated from
C. dating from D. dates from
21、On Sept 25, a team of doctors made medical history. In a two-hour procedure, led by Dr Robert Montgomery at New York University (NYU) Langone Health in the US, surgeons successfully attached a kidney from a genetically-engineered (转基因的) pig to a human. The kidney functioned normally and wasn’t rejected by the person’s immune system.
Montgomery said that the success of the procedure was a “transformative (变革的) moment”. “It was a kidney that was immediately functioning,” Montgomery told CBS News. The recipient was a brain-dead patient with signs of kidney dysfunction (功能障碍) whose family agreed to the experiment before she was due to be taken off life support, researchers told Reuters.
For three days, the kidney was attached to the patient’s blood vessels (血管) by the upper leg and maintained outside her body to give researchers access. This kidney was never meant to serve as a permanently functioning organ for the patient. Instead, the point of the surgery was to test whether the body would reject the organ. Researchers have been working toward the possibility of using animal organs, namely pigs’, for transplants for years. The problem lies in how to prevent the body from rejecting the organ.
This is where the idea of using an organ from a genetically-engineered pig came into play.
According to Popular Science, pig cells contain a sugar molecule (分子) that is foreign to the human body and causes organ rejection. Montgomery’s team thought that using a modified (基因改良的) pig that wouldn’t produce this sugar molecule would overcome the issue of organ rejection. This could give hope to many down the road.
Montgomery said that the NYU kidney transplant experiment should pave the way for trials in patients with end-stage kidney failure, possibly in the next year or two, CNN reported. While there is still much to be done before entire pig organs are regularly used in people, the prospect itself is encouraging. Amy Friedman, a former transplant surgeon, told The New York Times that she hopes that in the future, it will be possible to use other organs grown in pigs as well. “It’s truly mind-boggling (难以置信的) to think of how many transplants we might be able to offer.”
【1】What can we know about the NYU kidney transplant surgery?
A．The patient was cured completely.
B．The kidney would serve as a life-long organ for the patient.
C．The kidney worked without rejection.
D．The pig’s genes were successfully engineered.
【2】Why did Montgomery’s team use a modified pig in the surgery?
A．A modified pig has a special sugar molecule.
B．A modified pig contains an organ that will not cause rejection.
C．A sugar molecule is absent in a modified pig.
D．Using a modified pig is much easier for the transplant.
【3】What is Montgomery’s attitude towards the experiment?
A．Favourable.
B．Disapproving.
C．Ambiguous.
D．Neutral.
【4】What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The future of organ transplants is unpromising.
B．Organs from other animals will be used in the future.
C．This kind of transplants will not be offered any more.
D．There is a long way to go before regularly using pig organs in people.
22、 The Illinois Department of Natural Resources is returning a fish called the alligator gar to the state's rivers. Some people call the fish a “living fossil." Experts believe the fish first appeared during the Early Cretaceous period more than 100 million years ago.
Randy Sauer is an Illinois state fisheries biologist. He says the fish disappeared from the state's rivers in the 1990s, although they have continued to do well in southern states. Sauer says biologists want to bring the fish back to northern rivers "because it is important to have top predators （捕食者）to balance the species below them," he said.
Sport fishermen like to try to catch the alligator gar. Alligator gar are the second-largest freshwater fish in North America. They can grow as large as 2,7 meters and weigh more than 136 kilograms. Sauer says their large size is one reason they disappeared in the 1990s. Experts say alligator gars are '"opportunistic feeders." This means they will eat almost anything — including small turtles or ducks. They also eat invasive species such as Asian silver carp. Sauer hopes the reintroduction of the alligator gar will help the state's efforts to control the carp. Because alligator gar can live up to 60 years, the program will continue to increase for many years.
Sauer notes that female alligator gars do "not sexually mature until 11 years, and the male not till 6 or 7 years' That means the biologists will try to raise and release a lot offish early in the program to reintroduce them. “We're probably going to stock （储备）more heavily than 10 or 20 years down the road when hopefulIy these fish will find each other and start doing the job on their own." Sauer says.
Small devices have been placed in 7,000 of the fish so they can be observed after they are released into the waterways of Illinois. As it rains and floods, biologists expect some of the fish will follow the rivers into the states of Louisiana and Texas.
【1】Why people call the alligator gar “living fossil"?
A.They have existed for over 100 million years.
B.They can grow up to 136 kilograms.
C.Their fossil can be found on earth.
D.They can grow up to 2.7 meters.
【2】Biologists will reintroduce the alligator gar to northern rivers in order to_______ .
A.increase the number of the alligar gar
B.help people make more money
C.help to protect the environment
D.keep the species' balance
【3】According to Randy Sauer, alligar gar died out in northern rivers because ________.
A.they ate almost anything
B.they were very huge in size
C.the rivers were polluted then
D.they were caught by sport fishermen
【4】What can we learn from the underlined statement?
A.10 or 20 years will be needed to find these fish.
B.It will be decades before these fish produce young.
C.There is a long way to go before the fish find each other
D.These fish can find each other themselves along the waterways.
23、Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies’ responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of hearing stimulation. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle. At first, the sounds that a baby notices might be only those words that receive the heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances(讲话，说话). By the time they are six or seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising and falling tones. Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can influence babies’ emotional states and behavior. Long before they develop actual language comprehension, babies can sense when an adult is happy or angry, attempting to begin or end new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of clues such as the rate, volume, and melody of adult speech.
Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating(夸张) such clues. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified utterances and nonsense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other researchers have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels(元音) longer, and emphasize certain words.
More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is observation that tiny babies can make relatively fine distinctions between speech sounds. In other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make those precisely perceptual（知觉的，感性的） recognition that are necessary if they are to acquire listening language.
Babies obviously obtain pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine months they will listen to songs or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding. For babies, language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to boring meaning that it often is for adults.
【1】The author mentions syllables with rising and falling tones to .
A. show how difficult it is for babies to interpret emotions
B. provide an example of ways adults speak to babies
C. give a reason for babies’ difficulty in telling one adult from another
D. show a six-week-old baby can already tell some language differences
【2】What can be inferred about the findings described in Paragraph 2?
A. Mothers from different cultures speak to their babies in similar ways.
B. Babies ignore facial expressions in understanding listening language.
C. The mothers were unconsciously teaching their babies to speak.
D. Mothers only exaggerate their tones when talking to babies.
【3】Why do babies listen to songs and stories, even if they can’t understand?
A. They understand the rhythm. B. They enjoy the sound.
C. They can remember them easily. D. They focus on the meaning.
【4】What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Babies can detect sounds other than the human voice.
B. Babies’ ways to learn a language differ from adults’.
C. Babies can respond to the speech before they can speak.
D. Babies can tell the sound of the human voice from other sounds.
24、For many, music is as important to the human experience as eating and breathing. We hear music everywhere—at home, the gym, parties and stores. But what kind of music do we prefer to listen to, and when and why do our musical preferences change?
The relationship between the change of seasons and musical preferences was the focus of a study led by psychologist Terry Pettijohn. He and his team based their research on a previous study that examined the relationship between popular music preferences and the Environmental Security Hypothesis(假设). The results showed that over time, when social and financial conditions were more risky, the songs of the year that were slower, longer, more comforting and serious were most popular. And during periods in which social and financial conditions were generally stable, the result was opposite.
Building on these findings, Pettijohn and his team wondered if the Hypothesis could also be applied to the change of seasons. For college students, the participants in this study, autumn begins at the start of the school year. Gone are the carefree days of summer, when school is out. Winter means colder temperatures, shorter days, and, in many places in the country, snow. Spring, however, is a different story. It represents a fresh start and when clocks spring forward, we gain an extra hour of daylight. As students walk into summer, they’re absorbed in the sunshine and social activities—and enjoy a break from school.
But do changing seasonal conditions influence musical preferences? To answer this question, the researchers designed two studies. What did they find? Both groups of college students favored more serious music during the seasons of fall and winter, and more active and energetic music during the spring and summer seasons. And these findings, Pettijohn argues, have practical significances.
【1】The purpose of the question raised in Paragraph 1 is to ________.
A. present a different opinion on music
B. prove where to listen to music matters
C. stress the importance of music to humans
D. introduce the topic on musical preferences
【2】What influences a person’s choice of music types according to the previous study?
A. Whether one has enough free time.
B. Whether one lives in a stable situation.
C. Whether one is exposed to sunlight.
D. Whether one chooses to change his life.
【3】What does Paragraph 3 imply?
A. Students aren’t fond of school in any season.
B. Spring has a special meaning to people.
C. The Hypothesis disagrees with Pettijohn’s studies.
D. The length of summer time is longer than that of winter time.
【4】How does Pettijohn feel about the findings of his studies?
A. It’s unexpected. B. It’s humorous.
C. It’s discouraging. D. It’s significant.
25、An interesting study found capuchin monkeys (僧帽猴), like humans, are guided by social emotions. Try paying one monkey with grapes and another with cucumbers for the _______ amount of work and you may be surprised at the results! The monkey who got the cucumbers will probably _______ working for you. He may even throw out the cucumbers, even though monkeys are usually _______ to receive them, says Sarah Brosnan, a psychology professor at Georgia State University.
That experiment by Brosnan and Frans de Wall published in 2003 in Nature was one of the first to show that animals may have an assessment for _______ — a moral sense that many researchers previously thought only humans possessed. Since then, many results have suggested that animals — particularly those that depend on _______ for their survival may have an inborn sense of justice.
Social animals, which are interdependent for a living, will _______ share rewards with others who worked toward the same goal. “The built-in sense didn’t develop first in humans. It’s possibly something that began in social species, and _______ to us.” Brosnan said in an interview.
One study _______ that some animals particularly the ones that hunt together divide up the rewards. Another study even finds that animals will occasionally deliver a better reward to a partner than they themselves _______. In research by Brosnan and her colleagues published in American Journal of Primatology, two capuchin monkeys had to work together to pull a plate of food to their cages. But before they began pulling, the monkeys had to decide which one would get a grape and which one would get an apple slice. ________ fighting over the grape or always letting the leading monkey eat it, the animals generally vary roles on the way, so they both earned some grapes and some apple slices, Brosnan found. In cases where the ________ monkey always got the good food, the other monkey were likely to give up participating. More often than not, it preferred to ________ a reward than be paid unfairly.
According to Brosnan, that tendency to share rewards fairly probably developed as a result of the way capuchins work together to hunt. “If we are hunting and I am not giving you much of the kill, you would be better off finding another ________,” she says.
However, interpreting animal behavior through human eyes can be ________, observes Marc Hauser, a Harvard psychology professor and evolutionary biologist. In the cucumber-grape study, for example, the monkeys could have ________ the cucumbers simply because they were annoyed that they didn’t get a grape once they saw it.
【1】
A．various
B．enormous
C．equal
D．superb
【2】
A．risk
B．restart
C．quit
D．fancy
【3】
A．mature
B．content
C．passive
D．shocked
【4】
A．stability
B．reputation
C．endurance
D．fairness
【5】
A．necessities
B．rewards
C．emotion
D．cooperation
【6】
A．naturally
B．barely
C．surprisingly
D．occasionally
【7】
A．evolved
B．communicated
C．delivered
D．referred
【8】
A．denies
B．predicts
C．indicates
D．suspects
【9】
A．discover
B．receive
C．expect
D．present
【10】
A．Instead of
B．Thanks to
C．Regardless of
D．Prior to
【11】
A．diligent
B．dominant
C．generous
D．outgoing
【12】
A．save
B．admire
C．share
D．refuse
【13】
A．partner
B．role
C．hunt
D．task
【14】
A．critical
B．pessimistic
C．problematic
D．marvellous
【15】
A．set aside
B．thrown away
C．held onto
D．aimed at
26、阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
After dinner, Mrs. Quimby told the family that Grandma, who lived on a farm, had sent in a lot of pumpkins for jack-o’-lanterns (空心南瓜灯) for the neighborhood children. There was one in the basement waiting to be carved, she added. Ramona sprang to her feet and dashed down to bring it up, but it was too heavy for a second-grader. Finally Mr. Quimby gave a hand.
“Let’s make it smile like last year,” exclaimed Ramona.
“Hmm. Let’s see.” Mr. Quimby studied the pumpkin, turning it to find the best side for the face. With a pencil he sketched (素描) a nose-shaped nose, not a triangle. Then the mouth turned up on both sides. “smiling!” Ramona clapped her hands.
Mr. Quimby nodded with a smile, cut a circle around the top of the pumpkin and lifted it off for a lid. Without being asked, Ramona found a big spoon for scooping out the seeds. Picky-picky, the Quimbys' shabby old cat, came into the kitchen to see if something had been put in his dish. When he found that it had not, he paused, sniffed the pumpkin smell and angrily walked out with his tail twitching.
Mr. Quimby began to whistle as he carved with skill and care, first a mouthful of teeth, each one neat and square, then eyes and eyebrows. He was working on two ears shaped like question marks when Mrs. Quimby announced it was bedtime for Ramona. Unwillingly Ramona ran, took a shower and quickly returned. Now, Mr. Quimby had just carved a few C-shaped curls (卷发) around the hole in the top of the pumpkin. He reached inside and dug a candle holder in the bottom.
“There,” he said, putting down his knife. “A work of art.” Mrs. Quimby found a candle stub (残根), inserted it in the pumpkin, lit it and set the lid in place. Ramona turned off the light. The jack-o’-lantern was smiling with a flickering flame. “Wow!” Ramona threw her arms around her father before going to bed with great satisfaction.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
In the middle of the night Ramona awoke to a noise.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
On the table their jack-o’-lantern no longer had a whole face.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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