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随时随地学习
随时随地学习
1、The cost of living recently _____ steadily because of epidemic of COVID- 19, leading some people to drop out of the big city race.
A．is climbing
B．is being climbed
C．has been climbing
D．has been climbed
2、We are trying to come to a(n)_______about who should pay the legal fee.
A. situation B. expectation
C. contribution D. arrangement
3、China has got a good_________ for fighting against Covid-19 with its careful and smooth organizaton.
A.reputation B.influence C.impression D.knowledge
4、Johnson was shocked to find out that his boss him the wrong information.
A.have given B.had given
C.will have given D.have been giving
5、While ______ the National Congress of Communist Party, President Xi instructed the party never to forget ______ we started and then we can accomplish our mission (使命).
A.addressing；where B.sponsoring；when
C.delivering；when D.dismissing；where
6、Over 200 people died ______ the air crash.
A.with regard to B.as a consequence of C.in the course of D.on the ground of
7、Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ___________ essential to their development.
A．is
B．are
C．was
D．were
8、Can’t you see the old-fashioned gas lamp ______ from the ceiling?
A. hung B. hangs C. hanging D. hanged
9、He ________courage to make an apology.
A.is lacking in B.lies in C.loses himself in D.is linked to
10、—Why don’t you do some shopping in the second-hand store？
—Well，the goods there are ________，but ________.
A.more expensive；worse B.more expensive；not as bad
C.cheaper；good enough D.cheaper；not as good
11、He refused to acknowledge ________ in the match, but in vain.
A. to defeat B. to be defeated
C. defeating D. being defeated
12、Several swimmers have been drowned in the sea recently. So I don’t _______of your going swimming alone.
A.approve B.agree C.support D.admit
13、Some species of animals have died out because they could not _____ to a changing environment.
A．adopt
B．live
C．survive
D．adapt
14、His success doesn't ____________ his cleverness, and working hard ____________ his progress.
A. result in; leads to B. result from; lies in
C. lead to; lies in D. lie in; leads to
15、_______is no need for you to come if you don’t want to.
A. It B. There
C. That D. This
16、_______ digital technology is bridging geographic distance, highly skilled workers are increasingly crowding into cities.
A．Where
B．As
C．While
D．When
17、Researching findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we ________ during the day.
A．would have done
B．should have done
C．may have done
D．must have done
18、Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she _________ a class at that time.
A．have taught
B．will teach
C．will be teaching
D．is teaching
19、She complained that she________ him for more than twenty years and she still didn’t know what went on inside his head.
A.had been married to B.had been married
C.had married with D.had married
20、________ to resemble a lotus flower, it appears ________above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
A．To shape, floating
B．Being shaped, to float
C．Shaping, floating
D．Shaped, to float
21、______ the heart attack, Monica brought her doctor a bunch of flowers to express her thanks.
A. Surviving B. To survive
C. Survived D. Having survived
22、I have had my bike ________, and I’m going to get somebody ________ my radio tomorrow.
A．repair; to repair
B．repairing; to be repaired
C．repaired; to repair
D．to repair; repairing
23、-Professor Liu，have you ever been to London？
-Yes. I___________ there for four years.
A.have studied B.studied C.will study D.had studied
24、More than one passenger ________ injured in the air crash.
A.were B.is C.are D.was
25、—These little kids have learned perfect table manners, haven’t they?
—Yes. They are accustomed _________ at meals.
A.not to talk B.to not talk C.not to talking D.to not talking
26、Psychologists who study creative accomplishments throughout the life cycle generally find that creativity peaks between the ages of mid to late 30s or early 40s.They tend to view creativity from the perspective of creative and innovative disciplines, rather than individual accomplishment. And they find little variation across different professions and disciplines of creativity and innovation, such as the arts and sciences.
At What Age Does Creativity Peak? A new study shows that it counts on whether you are a conceptual or an experimental thinker.
But according to two economics professors at Ohio State University, that’s only part of the story. Their research, which looked at 31 Nobel Prize Winners in the field of economics and when they made their most significant contributions to the field, uncovered evidence of two peak cycles of individual creativity in the sciences, one that surfaces very early in some people’s careers, and another that, for others, rises up later in their lives. The difference between those who experience a peak in creativity during their mid twenties and those who are more likely to peak in their mid 50s, the researchers say, is in the type of creativity involved.
People who are conceptual innovators — those who think out of the box and challenge conventional wisdom — tend to come up with new ideas and innovations automatically and peak at an earlier age. Those creators who are more experimental — who build on their knowledge and accepted theories throughout their careers and ultimately find new and innovative ways to analyze that knowledge — tend to peak later in life.
Past research has shown that conceptual artists — poets, painters and novelists — who have clear and more immediate goals for their work, such as to communicate very specific and timely ideas or emotions, work in a different time frame than experimental artists, whose goals are less clear and less precise and who work through trial and error at a more gradual pace. Examples of conceptual innovators include Pablo Picasso, T.S. Eliot, Herman Melville, and Albert Einstein, all of whom contributed their most innovative work while they were young. Examples of experimental innovators include Paul Cezanne, Robert Frost, Virginia Woolf, and Charles Darwin.
The researchers believe that their findings on this view of creativity — that your most creative period is more a product of the type of creator you are and the nature of your work than of the particular field you are in — extend to other academic and scholarly disciplines as well. If you are a conceptual thinker, you are likely to be more creative when you are younger; if you are an experimental thinker, you are likely to do your most creative work when you are older, perhaps even past middle age. In theory, then, there are no limitations to creativity. You could end up doing your best work in your forties, fifties, sixties or even later.
【1】What can affect the age of Creativity Peak?
A．Different professions.
B．Different disciplines.
C．The type of research.
D．The type of thinker.
【2】The persons who ________ will peak later in life.
A．challenge conventional wisdom
B．have immediate goals for their work
C．share specific and timely ideas
D．work through trial and error gradually
【3】What can we conclude from the passage?
A．An experimental thinker may be more innovative.
B．Creativity without limitations may peak at any age.
C．A scientist is more likely to do creative work than an artist.
D．The person who has less precise goals can do more creative work.
【4】In writing this passage, the author aims to_________ .
A．reveal when the accomplishment peaks
B．analyze how to be more creative
C．explain the factors that influence creativity peaks
D．present the importance and limitations to creativity
27、 Although she died more than twenty-five years ago, many Americans still argue about Ayn Rand. People also continue to talk about her ideas and her interesting life.
As a young child, Alisa loved books. She began to write her own stories when she was only seven. She took classes in politics, history, law and writing . In 1926, she traveled to the United States and decided she would never leave. She also decided to change her name to “Ayn Rand.” Newly named, Rand moved to Hollywood, California to work in the movie business. Throughout the 1930s, she published two books, but did not earn much critical or popular recognition.
Then, in1943, Rand's famous book“The Fountainhead”was published. It took her seven years to write the novel. Twelve publishers rejected the book. However, a man named Archibald Ogden loved the story and convinced the Bobbs-Merrill company to publish it. “The Fountainhead”became a huge success around the world. It has sold more than six million copies. It continues to sell about one hundred thousand copies each year.
“The Fountainhead” tells the story of a young building designer named Howard Roark. Roark wants to build interesting, modern-looking buildings. However, most people only want to see traditional designs. Roark loves designing and building more than anything in the world. But he refuses to compromise and make buildings he hates. Several people work against Roark and his goals. But in the end, Roark succeeds.
“The Fountainhead ”is an unusual novel for many reasons. It is more than 700 pages long, far longer than most books people read for entertainment. More importantly, it also includes discussions of philosophy, which are not usually found in popular books. Most critics did not like “ The Fountainhead”. But readers loved it. In 1949,it was made into a popular movie.
She lived quietly in New York City until she died in 1982. She is still one of the most loved, and hated, American thinkers and writers.
【1】When did Alisa decide to change her name to Ayn Rand?
A.When she began to write her own stories. B.When she took classes in politics and writing.
C.When she decided to settle in the US. D.When she moved to Hollywood, California.
【2】Which of the following is true of Rand's famous book The Fountainhead?
A.It cost the author eight years to complete. B.It was loved by all the twelve publishers.
C.It was finally published by Archibald Ogden. D.It was a great success around the world.
【3】What can we learn about Howard Roark?
A.He wants to build interesting, traditional buildings.
B.He loves designing and building anything in the world.
C.He has to give in and make buildings he hates.
D.He achieves his goals and eventually gains success.
【4】What is the passage mainly about?
A.The life and writing of Ayn Rand. B.The interesting life of Ayn Rand.
C.Rand's famous book“The Fountainhead”. D.Different attitudes towards Rand's book.
28、For serious birders who regularly observe birds in the wild, ignoring climate change isn’t possible. We have been seeing and documenting the effects of a warming climate since at least the 1950s.
【1】 Glossy black great-tailed grackles (美洲黑羽椋鸟), for example, previously found primarily in the tropics (热带), first reached southeastern California in 1964. They are now found throughout most of the state.
New research from the National Audubon Society highlights the dangers of the trend. For its new report, “Survival by Degrees,” Audubon scientists analyzed the current geographic ranges of 604 North American bird species, and modeled how those ranges would change at different levels of warming. At a global temperature rise of three degrees Celsius, they found that 389 of those species-or nearly two-thirds of those studied-would become endangered, losing much of their current habitat. 【2】
Why does this matter to anyone who’s not a bird watcher? For one thing, birds play a crucial role in the ecology, keeping down insect populations and serving as food themselves for larger predators (食肉动物). 【3】 Their shifting ranges warn of increasing droughts, floods, fires, rising seas and unlivable cities.
【4】 Audubon scientists modeled what would happen at lesser levels of warming, and the results are striking. Limiting warming to 1.5 degrees would reduce the danger for three-quarters of those threatened birds. Audubon’s report “Survival by Degrees” is not a depressing forecast but rather a call to action. It stresses the need for action at every level, by individuals and governments alike, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
As a lifelong birder, I’m proud of the role my tribe has played in documenting the effects of climate change. When local conditions change, particular types of frogs or wildflowers may decrease and disappear, few will notice. 【5】 I hope people can pay close attention to the urgent message in this new report and work together for solutions. Birds tell us we don’t have time to wait.
A．We still have time to do something about it, however.
B．But they also serve as a visible symbol of broader environmental shifts.
C．This would greatly benefit humans, reducing the potential suffering for people.
D．But when a bird species disappears, we dedicated birders document the change.
E．In recent decades, that has meant a consistent northward shift in where species are found.
F．The changes will make birding exciting, with birders finding new species in unexpected places.
G．Even if some could shift their range northward, they would soon start to run out of room on the map.
29、One day, I was sitting in a local coffee shop, and staring at this man in a wheelchair. He could move his head and parts of his fingers but nothing else. He had a servant who cut up his food and placed it on a special mechanically powered fork that he would use to eat.
He saw me staring at him and invited me to join him at his table. His name was Stephen. For several hours we sat at that table and we got to know each other on a deeply personal level. I had never known a man who was more radiant (容光焕发), more energizing to talk and get to know than Stephen.
Stephen used to be a very successful businessman in Denver. He was in the natural gas business. Thirteen years before, when he was forty, he was waiting for news of a natural gas discovery to occur any moment.
He said, “I had so much nervous energy. I saw the storm clouds gathering, and I decided to clean out the gutters (檐沟）rather than sitting around waiting for this gas well to come in.”
He climbed up the ladder to clear the piles of pine needles on the roof. As he backed up, he accidentally fell off the roof. He landed on his back. He was paralyzed (瘫痪) for the rest of his life, except for his head and his hand.
I asked him, “How do you do it all? How do you suddenly stop hiking, fishing, and running marathons?”
He said, “There are three things you have to do when something like this happens. The first thing you have to do is adjust. The second thing you do is adjust. And the third thing you do is adjust.”
He said, “By adjusting to your abilities, Bill, you have to change your self-expectations. If you can’t be a physical athlete any longer, then perhaps you can be a spiritual athlete.” He was.
【1】The author noticed Stephen at the coffee shop because________.
A．he cut up his food
B．he ate in a special way
C．he was staring at the author
D．he looked very energetic
【2】How did Stephen adjust to his disability?
A．He accepted himself as he was.
B．He turned to the author for help.
C．He gave up exercising regularly.
D．He made new friends everywhere.
【3】“A spiritual athlete” Stephen mentioned in the last paragraph might be________.
A．humorous and sensitive
B．sympathetic and caring
C．faithful and easygoing
D．optimistic and open-minded
30、 Imagine you're 19 years old, going to college with some kind of student loan (贷款). Then, you _______ pile of cash. What would you do? That's _______ what happened to 19-year-old Jose when he _______ to a Wells Fargo ATM in his hometown.
Jose WAS about to deposit some cash to _______ the cost of an online purchase when he looked down and saw a plastic bag filled with money. It was like he was dreaming. Dream or not, he knew it wasn’t his cash to _______
It was a Sunday so he couldn’t walk the bag into the _______, so he called the police to report the money. The officers came, took the bag, and thanked Jose for doing the _______thing. When they got back to the station, they found the cash _______ $ 135,000.
The police were already _______ at what Jose had done in the first place, but when they realized just how much money he had ________, they were blown away. This money could have made a great amount of ________ in his life if he had gone down the ________ path, but the chose the right one.
Jose was ________ with a plaque (匾)from the police department and the mayor and local businesses gifted him with monetary donations, gift cards, and even football tickets. Jose is currently studying for a degree in criminal justice, and his________ helped him get much closer to his ________ because the police chief had invited him to apply for a job as a public service assistant at the police department.
【1】A.pack up B.put away C.happen upon D.call for
【2】A.generally B.necessarily C.absolutely D.exactly
【3】A.pulled up B.gave up C.brought up D.got up
【4】A.check B.cover C.reduce D.evaluate
【5】A.withdraw B.keep C.donate D.lose
【6】A.station B.hank C.owner D.machine
【7】A.clever B.ordinary C.right D.strange
【8】A.resembled B.averaged C.totaled D.indicated
【9】A.amazed B.disappointed C.puzzled D.embarrassed
【10】A.given away B.wasted C.accumulated D.turned in
【11】A.difference B.trouble C.effort D.fortune
【12】A.same B.easy C.other D.usual
【13】A.presented B.provided C.satisfied D.comforted
【14】A.courage B.honesty C.generosity D.patience
【15】A.degree B.limit C.potential D.career
31、 It was a Friday night and I was _______a restaurant, washing dishes. A plate _______through my wet fingers and fell onto the floor in _______. My face flushed(发红) and inside I was screaming, “Why me!?” as if my _______would make the plate whole again.
The broken plate was only one of the many _______fighting inside me. There were a dozen _______ smaller but urgent concerns.
For me, it was impossible to get some much _______rest or some study time before a coming exam. I had to _______with the family expenses(开销). So I got back to work.
It was 12 p.m. when I finally finished my work. I got on the _______home and took out my notes to study. I got the ________looks from people out of bars because I was studying on a bus in the middle of the night.
Their ________ didn’t bother me at all. I knew something had to change in my family and it ________to me to begin it. Fortunately, I also knew I had desire and ________in my blood. My grandfather was among the first Mexican immigrants who ________in L.A.. Both of my parents left Mexico in their early teenage years and began working long ________as a cook and a maid. The spirit was ________generations, which helped me both in school and at work.
As I walked through the front door at home, I saw my mother had fallen asleep ________me despite her own long day. In my bedroom watching my brothers breathe slowly made me feel my body’s tiredness. However, it would be a while before I could ________them in sleep. I had an essay ________early the next morning, and Ms. DePaolo doesn’t ________late work.
【1】A.in the middle of B.in the front of C.in the corner of D.in the back of
【2】A.slipped B.flew C.jumped D.slowed
【3】A.slices B.pieces C.blocks D.sheets
【4】A.scream B.cry C.voice D.shout
【5】A.tasks B.difficulties C.worries D.matters
【6】A.another B.others C.other D.some
【7】A.excited B.attracted C.delayed D.needed
【8】A.increase B.work out C.cut down D.help out
【9】A.taxi B.bus C.subway D.train
【10】A.strange B.casual C.friendly D.formal
【11】A.observation B.stares C.laughter D.ignorance
【12】A.felt B.jumped C.threw D.fell
【13】A.promise B.wish C.courage D.ability
【14】A.settled B.moved C.lived D.worked
【15】A.years B.days C.hours D.minutes
【16】A.handed in B.passed down C.passed away D.turned to
【17】A.waiting for B.watching on C.calling up D.searching for
【18】A.take B.join C.hold D.keep
【19】A.ready B.written C.due D.finished
【20】A.receive B.check C.accept D.assess
32、 Back in 1959.when I was 13, I attended a school in Brooklyn.Because of the Sabbath on Friday, we had an early______from school.Most of the students would go to local parks to play basketball or baseball.I always______myself instead in a small public library,______for hours before sundown, the beginning of the Sabbath.
There was a kind of______ in that library that led me to worlds that I thought I'd never see.I was______to the Green Mountain Boys, to Isaac Asimov robots, to the swashbuckling novels of Thomas B.Costain and to a whole list of______ of the mind.I found a paradise(乐园) of silence where I could______ my inner self and find the treasures of other worlds.
However after watching the______generation of teens.______in the troubled waters of technology, I had little confidence in the______of the book.I felt sure that the physical object would be a thing of the past which the Twitter(推特)world had already:______, limiting the imagination of this______to the few characters that they could ______ in the shortest period.
But on a Saturday in August, I was shocked into the______ that my fears might be unnecessary .
Stony Brook University ______a competition for teens representing local public libraries.The participation of my granddaughter, Kayla, brought it to my ______.
In the Student Activities Center, hundreds of young people came in character costumes,______ready to respond to a multitude of questions about books they had read.They had spent the summer in______.
Imagine, a(n)______summer reading when they could have lazed with their smart phones and followed the president into the Twitter universe.Instead, they followed their imaginations and______themselves to the books .Perhaps there is hope for the world.
【1】A. start B. release C. reply D. warming
【2】A. stopped B. imagined C. amused D. noticed
【3】A. dreaming B. discussing C. reading D. struggling
【4】A. book B. quiet C. guide D. light
【5】A. introduced B. bound C. persuaded D. forced
【6】A. fights B. analyses C. images D. adventures
【7】A. lose B. desert C. ignore D. explore
【8】A. current B. last C. next D. coming
【9】A. ruined B. drawn C. stuck D. abused
【10】A. publication B. survival C. list D. content
【11】A. destroyed B. reached C. attracted D. overtaken
【12】A. librarian B. generation C. university D. neighborhood
【13】A. consume B. play C. recognize D. defeat
【14】A. hope B. promise C. awareness D. inspiration
【15】A. proposed B. abandoned C. delayed D. hosted
【16】A. childhood B. memory C. home D. attention
【17】A. hopefully B. enthusiastically C. unwillingly D. physically
【18】A. advance B. vain C. preparation D. presentation
【19】A. entire B. full C. hot D. busy
【20】A. delivered B. betray C. devote D. left
33、It s funny how a small corner of the earth can have outsized relevance in life. For me, it’s a swing set on a playground.
I decided to take my six year old son Joe on a weekend trip to the University of Virginia, my alma mater (母校). I planned out every detail _________ and wanted my son to become familiar with something dear to me, _________ he did not fully understand. I took Joe to my favorite breakfast spot. I _________ him my dorm and fraternity (兄弟会) house, and then the bar where I’d worked in college. We even went to a lacrosse (长曲棍球) game. All of this registered with my son, but without the _________ I expected. _________, we were running out of things to do. I asked Joe what he wanted to see. I would never _________ his response: “I would not mind finding a swing set.” That’s when it hit me. For a guy who thought he _________ every inch of his college town, the question caught me flat-footed: I had no idea where to look. _________, I remembered the Venable Elementary School, something I’d _________ countless times but never really noticed. We parked in the lot, empty on a Saturday, and I __________ my son and watched him delightedly swing back and forth. It was the joy I had sought for him on my terms, __________ he only found on his.
What did I learn on that trip? First, travel is great fun and often leads to __________. But our world will always assure us greater happiness which is just around the corner. Second, do not rely too much on your __________. Do your best but stay __________, and always remember what John Lennon said: Life is what happens to you while you are busy making other plans. Third, there is always a new way to __________ things, no matter how much you think you know. I’m sure I would have missed the lesson if Joe hadn’t made his old man stop at the swings in Charlottesville. For that, I will always be grateful.
【1】
A．in total
B．in fact
C．in advance
D．in order
【2】
A．even if
B．as if
C．as to
D．as though
【3】
A．gave
B．showed
C．offered
D．invited
【4】
A．interest
B．response
C．impression
D．effect
【5】
A．Worse
B．Still
C．Again
D．However
【6】
A．ignored
B．understood
C．missed
D．forgot
【7】
A．analyzed
B．stepped
C．knew
D．loved
【8】
A．Hardly
B．Eventually
C．Undoubtedly
D．Surprisingly
【9】
A．passed
B．saw
C．visited
D．approached
【10】
A．pushed
B．encouraged
C．amused
D．stared
【11】
A．and
B．even
C．but
D．so
【12】
A．joy
B．happiness
C．excitement
D．surprise
【13】
A．schedules
B．others
C．plans
D．details
【14】
A．relaxed
B．independent
C．grateful
D．flexible
【15】
A．look at
B．look through
C．look for
D．look into
34、根据句意填空
In the USA, the Amish-a Christian group-are famous because they drive 【1】 instead of cars, do not use TVs or refrigerators, and do not have personal telephones. Many people assume the Amish must have 【2】 reasons for their many rules, but this is not true. In truth, whenever a new technology is introduced, the Amish meet and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. They then vote on whether they will accept it. The Amish 【3】 cars because they like having 【4】 communities where everyone lives close together. They have no TVs or refrigerators because their homes do not have electricity-they do not think it is necessary and 【5】 dealing with strangers, such as the people who work at the electric company.
35、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
I have the【1】(great)job in the world. I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Sometimes using【2】(science)equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never【3】(bore).Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don’t mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people【4】 one of the most powerful forces on earth—the volcano.
B
Water is a precious resource. Every person needs it【5】 (survive),and we use it for cooking, drinking, growing our food and washing. However，it is scarce(缺乏的).Just 1% of water on Earth can【6】 (use)by humans. What’s more，treating water to make it clean and safe and pumping it to our homes uses up lots of energy. So, what can you do to help save water? One easy way is by【7】(turn)off the tap when you brush your teeth.
C
Robbie Phillips has become the first British person to complete one of the toughest challenges in rock climbing. 【8】(know)as the Alpine Trilogy(阿尔卑斯三部曲),the challenge consists of three climbs on mountains in Austria, Germany and Switzerland, 【9】Phillips completed in four years. Until now, only four other people【10】(conquer)all three of the extremely difficult climbs.
36、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Smell the flowers before you go to sleep and you may just end up with rosy dreams. Have a whiff of rotten(腐烂的)eggs during the night and your dreams may be【1】(pleasant). So says researcher Dr. Boris Stuck, 【2】invited sleeping volunteers to a rose vs. rotten egg test in the University Hospital Mannheim in Germany. The subjects didn’t dream about roses【3】eggs, but rather he found that what they smelt affected the emotions of【4】(they) dreams.
And if you think【5】(smell) have a say in dreams, wait for what TV tells us. A UK study reveals that people exposed【6】black-and-white film and TV in their youth are to have monochromic(单色的)dreams throughout their life more【7】(probable). Eva Murzyn from the University of Dundee tested two age groups— one half 【8】(age) over 55 and【9】other half under 25.
The result? Under 5% of the dreams of the under-25s were in black and white. 【10】(watch)color TV in childhood seems to be the reason why.
37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?
Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.
In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.
When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.
Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.
Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.
That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.
And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.
But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.
Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.
Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.
In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.
38、假定你是某高中学生会主席李华，为增强全校师生的安全意识，你校本周三上午准备进行一次消防演习，请你代表学生会写一份书面通知，要点如下:
1.活动目的；
2.活动时间；
3.活动安排(听到火警铃声有序撤离；听消防员安全讲座)。
4. 注意事项。
参考词汇:消防演习fire drill; 火警铃fire alarm; 消防通道firefighting accesses。
注意:1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
39、假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim发邮件询问你这学期居家学习的状况。请给Jim回一封邮件，内容包括：1.你居家期间的主要学习活动；2.你对居家学习的感受。
注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：居家期间the quarantine period
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
40、假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部现面向高二学生招收新成员，你打算参加，请你向该俱乐部提交书面申请。要点如下：
1. 个人优势介绍（如性格、特长等）;
2. 参选后的活动设想（规划，组织英语讲座，演讲比赛等）;
3. 表达当选的愿望。
注意：1. 词数不少于100；2. 可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
41、阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A friend of mine whose name was John Smith had a bad memory, which made him famous. He was so forgetful that he sometimes forgot what he was talking about in the middle of a sentence. His wife had to constantly( 经常地）remind him about his meetings, his classes, even his meals! Once he forgot he had eaten breakfast twice, at home and at school. His wife liked to remind her neighbors, “If John didn’t have his head tied on, he would forget that too!” Since Smith was a professor at a well-known university, his forgetfulness was often an embarrassment to him. It wasn’t that he was not clever, as some critical people tended to say, but just very, very absent-minded.
One hot summer day, Pro.Smith decided to take his children to a seaside town about a three-hour train ride away. To make the trip more interesting for his young children, he kept the name of the town a secret. However, by the time they arrived at the station, Smith forgot the name of the town he was planning to visit. luckily, a friend of his happened to be in the station. He offered to take care of the children while Smith hurried back home to find out where he was going.
The professor’s wife was surprised to see him again so soon.
“Oh, my dear, I forgot the name of the town.”
“What? You forgot the name? Maybe one day you will forgot my name! Now I’ll write the name of that town on a piece of paper, and you put it in your pocket and please, please don’t forget where you put it.”
Satisfied that she had solved the problem, she sent her husband off again. Ten minutes later she was astonished to see him outside the house for the third time.
Paragraph 1:
“What is the matter now?” asked his wife._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Hearing the cry, out rushed their neighbors, trying to find out what had happened. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
邮箱： 