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随时随地学习
随时随地学习
1、During the early ____________of planetary evolution, they served to sweep the solar system.
A.stages B.journeys C.species D.demands
2、John _____ hard for four years at a business college, and now he owns a big oversea company.
A.has worked B.had worked C.worked D.was working
3、It’s red light now. We _________stop and wait.
A．can
B．must
C．should
D．might
4、—Are you finishing your task?
— ________ . We still need at least two days.
A．Exactly
B．Not a little
C．No wonder
D．Far from it
5、All preparations _______ in advance before attendants arrive, the board chairman is confident the annual conference will be a success.
A. had been made B. made C. having made D. to be made
6、I’d rather ________ at home than _________ out in such bad weather.
A. Staying; going B. staying; go
C. stay; go D. stay; going
7、His casual clothes were not ______ for such a formal occasion.
A. delicate B. flexible
C. appropriate D. especial
8、After years of wondering how the idle rich got even richer, we cracked the millionaire’s code, ______ secret is simple: Don’t spend a penny if you don’t have to.
A. which B. that C. whose D. what
9、This information allows businessmen to keep ________ of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving.
A．sight
B．track
C．touch
D．sign
10、— I hear Katherine won the first prize in the English Speech Contest held last Sunday.
— There is no surprise. She _________ for weeks.
A.has been practicing B.is practicing
C.had been practicing D.practiced
11、More and more cancer patients _________ in hospital owing to polluted environment and people’s bad lifestyles.
A. treated B. have treated
C. have been treated D. had been treated
12、Nowadays, more and more advertisements ________ the message that being slim is beautiful.
A．transmit
B．transfer
C．convey
D．transport
13、To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. 划线部分在句于中作什么成分?
A．主语
B．谓语
C．定语
D．状语
14、We will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village.
A．that
B．which
C．when
D．where
15、He is creative? Do you mean he can always an excuse whenever he makes a mistake?
A．take up
B．bring up
C．make up
D．set up
16、 ---How long have you been here?
---Only about five minutes. Henry and Simon ______ here with me.
A.walk B. have walked
C. walked D had walked
17、Do you still remember how many years ago_________ we first met on campus?
A. was it that B. it was that
C. was it when D. it was when
18、If you have any questions, please do not____________ to ask your teachers.
A.suffer B.hesitate C.attack D.ensure
19、______ she has earned her PhD, she wants to find a job with higher pay.
A． As if B． Now that
C． Even though D． In case
20、Columbus’s discovery of the “New World” took place ________.
A．on purpose
B．by mistake
C．by design
D．by accident
21、We’ve all heard the nutritional consultants, dietitians and food experts who warn us about what not to eat — giving us warnings and statistics about the bad consequences of poor dietary choices. 【1】. While to the untrained eye our food is just food. Below I’ve listed some common foods found in your diet that are actually making you healthy.
◇Coffee
The caffeine found in coffee can help aid physical performance, fat loss and mental alertness. 【2】, as well as antioxidants (抗氧化物质) that have been shown to prevent certain types of cancer and disease. 【3】. Anything more than five could be counterproductive (适得其反), as too much caffeine has been shown to increase levels of anxiety and stress.
◇Chocolate
Normally it’s dark chocolate that gets a lot of attention for its antioxidants and health benefits.
However, studies show that eating regular chocolate can bring us some good too. Chocolate releases the chemical serotonin (血清素) in the brain, making us feel happy and also improving our stress levels.
【4】, as long as you have a balanced diet in check then having a bit of chocolate from time to time, no matter the variety, is actually a good thing!
By choosing a quality brand, and perhaps leaving out the sugar, you could be receiving more than a pick-me-up for the morning. 【5】.
A．You will also receive a range of benefits that will aid your health down the line
B．While dark chocolate seems to be a more sensible choice than your average chocolate brand
C．It’s been recommended to drink five cups of coffee daily to receive these benefits
D．Drinking coffee does good to people’s health and it can make people excited and relaxed
E．However, what many people don’t know is that coffee contains essential nutrients for human health
F．As we all know, eating too little is harmful
G．However, there are some common foods we eat every day that studies show provide great health benefits
22、 My mother was an excellent housekeeper. She had a few surgeries over the years, and before each one she’d have my father move the stove out from the wall so she could clean behind it. It would have been hard for her to relax in the hospital if she knew there were dust balls behind the stove.
The entire house was tidy and organized – there was a place for everything and everything
was in its place. Mom would hang the sheets outside to dry rather than inside the house. And if storm clouds gathered, she would run outside, race down to the sheets, throw them into a bag, and then race back to the house as the rain started, satisfied that a major catastrophe had been avoided. Throughout our entire childhoods, my sisters and I were spoiled with fresh bedding and cookies fresh from the oven.
There’s something beautiful about freshness, like the beginning of a school year, the start of a marriage, the birth of a child, moving to a new place, or starting a new job.
Freshness is like opening a new calendar that isn’t yet filled with neglected tasks. A new year always means a chance at a fresh start. But the question is, how do we choose to make this new start?
Maybe I need to do some housekeeping myself. A good sweeping usually leads to finding some interesting things – an old memory or two and new hobbies that fell by the wayside. Perhaps it’s time to clean out all those drawers filled with junk – the ones holding old tapes that replay the things I regret doing and the things that I wish I had done.
My personality could use some polish (亮光剂) as well – the ability to listen more than I talk. Glass cleaner (玻璃清洁剂) would be a good idea too – something to give me a clearer view of the things that matter and the things that don’t.
Cleaning is rarely my first choice of activity, but I’m ready to go and do what needs to be done. Here’s to a fresh start and a new year.
【1】What can we learn about the author’s mother according to the article?
A.She prefer rainy days to sunny days.
B.She couldn’t bear anything to be unorganized in her house.
C.She required her daughters to wash their own bedding.
D.She ask her husband to do the housekeeping during her surgeries.
【2】What does the author think about her childhood?
A.She has forgotten it B.It was painful for her.
C.It was full of happiness. D.She was spoiled by her mother.
【3】Why does the author decide to do some housekeeping herself?
A.She see it as a chance to improve herself and move on.
B.She wants to help reduce her mother’s burden.
C.She is quite bothered by her messy house.
D.She thinks it’s time to learn some life skills.
【4】The author wrote this article mainly to ______
A.give advice on how to clean the house.
B.inspire people’s thought and plan for the new year.
C.share the story of her mother’s strength.
D.recall her mother sisters and father.
23、When Elinor Lobel was 16, a “smart” insulin (胰岛素) pump was attached to her body. Powered by AI, it tracks her glucose levels and administers the right dose of insulin at the right time to keep her healthy. It is one of the new ways that data and AI can help improve lives.
Books that criticize the dark side of data are plentiful. They generally suggest there is much more to fear than fete in the algorithmic(算法的)age.
But the intellectual tide may be turning. One of the most persuasive supporters of a more balanced view is Elinor Lobel’s mother, Orly, a law professor. In The Equality Machine she acknowledges AI’s capacity to produce harmful results. But she shows how, in the right hands, it can also be used to fight inequality and discrimination.
A principle of privacy rules is “minimization”: collect and keep as little information as possible, especially in areas such as race and gender. Ms Lobel flips the script, showing how in hiring, pay and the legal system, knowing such characteristics leads to fairer outcomes.
Ms Lobel’s call to use more, not less, personal information challenges data-privacy orthodoxy(正统观念). But she insists that “tracking differences is key to detecting unfairness.” She advocates g loosening of privacy rules to provide more transparency(透明)over algorithmic decisions.
The problems with algorithmic formulae(公式) are tackled in depth in Escape from Model Land by Erica Thompson of the School of Economics. These statistical models are the backbone of big data and AL. Yet a perfect model will always be beyond reach. “All models are wrong,” runs a wise saying. “Some are useful.”
Ms Thompson focuses on a challenge she calls the Hawkmoth Effect. In the better known Butterfly Effect, a serviceable model, Vin the prediction of climate change, becomes less reliable over time because of the complexity of what it is simulating(模拟), or because of inaccuracies in the original data. In the Hawkmoth Effect, by contrast, the model itself is flawed; it might fail to take full account of the interplay between humidity, wind and temperature.
The author calls on data geeks to improve their solutions to real-world issues, not merely refine their formulae—in other words, to escape from model land. “We do not need to have the best possible answer,” she writes, “only a reasonable one.”
Both these books exhibit a healthy realism about data, algorithms and their limitations. Both recognize that making progress involves accepting limitations, whether in law or coding. As Ms Lobel puts it: “It’s always better to light a candle than to curse the darkness.”
【1】Ms Lobel intends to convey that
A．minimisation is a good privacy rule to go by
B．algorithms are currently challenged by data privacy
C．employing more personal data should be encouraged
D．identifying algorithms’ problems leads to better outcomes
【2】What can we learn about “Hawkmoth Effect”?
A．It develops from Butterfly Effect.
B．It emphasizes accuracy of original data.
C．It enjoys popularity in climate research field.
D．It is mentioned to show the model can be faulty.
【3】Which of the following does the writer probably agree?
A．Using algorithms to detect differences is hard.
B．The application of data and algorithms is limited.
C．The reliability of data should be attached importance to.
D．Improving algorithms involves accepting its imperfection.
【4】Which would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Algorithm’s Prospect
B．The Algorithm’s Mercy
C．The Algorithm’s Complexity
D．The Algorithm’s Recognition
24、 On my fourth day in a self-driving car, I finally felt comfortable enough to let it stop itself. Before then, I'd allowed the car-a Volvo S90 sedan-to control the direction, with my hands still on the wheel, and to adjust speed in traffic. By Day 4, I was ready to make a jump into the future.
With the car traveling on a busy road, I activated the driverless mode. Soon, a traffic light turned red. For a split second, I prepared to get on the brakes. There was no need. The cameras and computers in the Volvo recognized the traffic conditions and smoothly began applying the brake.
If you're anything like most people, you're familiar with this anxiety. Almost 80 percent of Americans fear traveling in a self-driving car, a recent survey found.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have conducted some clever experiments studying the phenomenon. They asked participants to complete tasks and compare their performance with a computer system's. After the computer made a mistake, people were unwilling to use it again. After the people made mistakes, their self-confidence wouldn't change. It didn't matter that the human beings made more mistakes than the computer. So it is with driving. More than 37,000 Americans died in crashes last year, most from human error. The death count from cars goes beyond that from guns. So if you are shocked and angry by guns and want things to change, you should feel the same about car crashes.
Technology creates an opportunity to save lives. Computers don't get drunk or distracted by text messages, and they don't have blind spots. Just look at commercial airlines: Automation has helped all but get rid of deadly crashes among American air carriers. The last one happened in 2009.
The technology for self-driving cars still isn't good enough. But it is improving rapidly. Within a few years, many cars will have advanced crash-avoidance systems and driving will be revolutionized sooner than many people now understand.
【1】How does the author introduce the topic?
A.By offering a piece of news. B.By giving background information.
C.By describing an experience. D.By introducing a latest car.
【2】What can be learnt about the participants of the experiments?
A.They tended to accept the computer's faults.
B.They seemed to care little about their own mistakes.
C.They felt less confident after making mistakes.
D.They performed better than computer systems.
【3】The author mentioned commercial airlines___________.
A.to prove the advantage of technology B.to assess the security of driverless cars
C.to find fault with computers D.to advertise for the commercial airlines
【4】What does the author expect of the self-driving car?
A.I'll avoid deadly crashes entirely. B.It'll occupy the market in a short time.
C.It'll be bettered in every possible way. D.It'll be popularized sooner than expected.
25、 Gilbert “Gil” Walker is a retired high school teacher. He could no longer meet his friends in person at Peet's Coffee since March, where he had been a _________ customer for years. So he started looking for a drive-through. After going to a few places, he decided to _________ the new Dunkin' and was immediately impressed by their _________ staff. “The employees were so friendly. When I retired in 2000, the only thing I _________ was the kids and they_________ me of the kids in school.”
While speaking to owner Matt Cobo, Walker learned 14 people were _________ at the Dunkin'. Cobo had no plans to lay off anyone. _________, he was forced to cut his employees' salaries. It was then that Walker came up with the idea of giving Cobo a (n) _________ filled with 14 $20 bills for each employee to show his _________. He did just that on his next __________ in mid-March.
Following the __________ gesture, Cobo says he and his staff couldn't __________ it. “It took my breath away. We didn't know how to __________. This was new to all of us.” Since that day, Walker has created a special __________ with the Dunkin' staff.
Each morning, Cobo says they all __________ his visits and offering him his usual__________ ---an iced coffee with a maple bar, free of charge. “We love seeing him,” Cobo explains. Because they __________ to let him pay, Cobo says it has become "an incredible __________ of wisdom” between his staff and Walker. The employees and the owner often jokingly make __________ that the cash register is __________ or the car ahead of him paid.
Recently, the Dunkin' staff threw Walker and his wife a 62nd anniversary party in the parking lot.
A．tired
B．regular
C．homeless
D．potential
A．run
B．call
C．offer
D．try
A．warm
B．punctual
C．casual
D．picky
A．helped
B．chose
C．missed
D．discovered
A．convinced
B．informed
C．warned
D．reminded
A．employed
B．criticized
C．honored
D．interrupted
A．Somehow
B．Moreover
C．Therefore
D．Otherwise
A．diary
B．meal
C．email
D．envelope
A．luck
B．approval
C．appreciation
D．politeness
A．move
B．visit
C．book
D．project
A．patient
B．violent
C．kind
D．specific
A．believe
B．explain
C．remember
D．prove
A．avoid
B．respond
C．apply
D．open
A．class
B．contract
C．system
D．bond
A．make up for
B．look forward to
C．look into
D．put up with
A．role
B．route
C．order
D．seat
A．refuse
B．forget
C．regret
D．continue
A．result
B．game
C．experiment
D．function
A．mistakes
B．appointments
C．plans
D．excuses
A．broken
B．dirty
C．wasted
D．empty
26、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When I was ten years old, my mother decided she wanted a dog. My sister and I were excited about the idea. We went to the local shelter (收容所) where we discovered a dog who had been hit by a car. His back left leg was badly injured, and he was clearly in terrible pain, dragging it around behind him.
My mother adopted (收养) the dog and took him to the vet (兽医). The vet fixed his leg and said he would be fine. It took him a long time to get well, and he had to be helped up and down the stairs to our second-floor apartment for weeks. The bad leg was always a little shorter than the others, but he got along fine. So, we had a dog.
Now our dog needed a name. My mother couldn’t think of any name except that of a dog on a television show—a smart dog named Kleo. So she named our dog Kleo.
Kleo loved all of us, letting my sister and me put him in dolls’ clothes, cut his hair, and play with him, but my mom was his savior (救星). When she left the house to go shopping, he howled (吠叫) at the top of his voice until she returned. And when she came home, he was beside himself with happiness.
Kleo went with us on vacation each summer, driving from our home in Washington State to our grandparents’ homes in Massachusetts and New York. We never had to worry about Kleo; we just opened the door and he got out, did what was needed and got back in the car.
One day, we stopped at midday for gas and a bathroom break at a station in the middle of nowhere. It had started to rain. Everyone rushed out of the car and took off in several directions. A few minutes later, we were on the road again.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Hours passed when my mom asked suddenly, “Where’s the dog?”
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We went all the way back to the gas station but couldn’t find Kleo.
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