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随时随地学习
1、I haven’t decided which hotel ______; I’ll let you know by tomorrow.
A．to stay
B．stayed at
C．to stay at
D．staying
2、Parents and teachers always think students should spend more time on their studies, but students themselves think _____.
A. otherwise B. instead C. meanwhile D. moreover
3、What a pity! I missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was _________in the traffic jam.
A.broken up B.kept back C.held up D.kept up
4、The world today _____ different without the amazing discoveries produced by great scientists.
A. were B. had been
C. would be D. would have been
5、Malaysia Airline Flight MH370 seemed to have been _______to only a mystery after so long and hopeless a search.
A. reduced B. formed
C. trapped D. absorbed
6、Due to widespread ______ of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried out across long distances.
A．occupation
B．application
C．qualification
D．composition
7、Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ________into small pieces.
A．break
B．breaking
C．to be broken
D．to break
8、________in the lift, we told each other stories when waiting to be rescued.
A．Trapping
B．Trapped
C．To trap
D．To be trapped
9、A good salesman must be ________ if he wants to succeed.
A. aggressive B. awesome
C. appointed D. arbitrary
10、Imagine ________ you are lying on a beach and listening to the sound of the waves.
A．whether
B．which
C．that
D．what
11、When the news came, the boys all became so excited, ________their hats into the air．
A. to throw B. thrown C. throwing D. were throwing
12、----I’m dead tired. I can’t walk any further, Jenny. ----_______, Tommy. You can do it.
A．No problem
B．Come on
C．No hurry
D．That’s OK
13、What parents do will cast a ____ for the children and help them to see what they will be and what they will do in the future.
A.glance B.doubt C.vision D.shadow
14、The electronic red-packet has been so ______ that AliPay and Tencent Wechat compete against each other openly and secretly since the beginning of this year.
A. popular B. convenient C. favorable D. arbitrary
15、【2012重庆卷】It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed to East Africa
A. when B. that C. after D. since
16、I ________ my dream to be a pianist, but for the encouragement from that music teacher.
A.might have abandoned B.would abandon
C.should have abandoned D.were to abandon
17、–Tom has grown taller than before recently.
--_____,and_____.
A.So he has, so have you B.So he has, so you have
C.So has he, so have you D.So has he, so you have.
18、China will launch another satellite into space.
A．n. (卫星)发射
B．v. 发射
C．v. 上市
D．v. 发起
19、I don’t think that the suggestion is perfect, but it would be worth _____.
A．putting forward
B．putting off
C．being put forward
D．of putting off
20、—Will this fish keep fresh until tomorrow?
—________ you put it in the fridge.
A．Only
B．Only if
C．While
D．Because
21、Since the beginning of social-comparison theory in the early 1950s, psychologists and sociologists have piled up evidence that human beings form opinions of themselves — their looks, gifts, intelligence, and achievement — based in large part on the qualities they see in the people with whom they identify and associate. When those comparisons lead to inaccurate self-representations or evaluations, this distortion is sometimes referred to as the "frog-pond effect."
The phrase stems from a 1966 paper that found college students at elite universities who had low GPAs tended to view their own academic abilities less favorably than students at lower-tier colleges who had good GPAs. “It is better to be a big frog in a small pond than a small frog in a big pond," the author of that paper wrote.
The "frog-pond effect" continues to show up in research today.
“We use the term 'frog-pond effect' as shorthand for this tendency of people with a high rank in a low-rank group to evaluate themselves more favorably than people with a low rank in a high-rank group,” says Ethan Zell, PhD, author of the PLOS One study and an associate professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro.
“These effects are magnified when we're comparing ourselves to people we view as peers.”
In other words, we look at other people as a frame of reference when we are evaluating ourselves. While "upward" social comparisons can make us feel less attractive, less capable, or otherwise inferior, "downward" social comparisons tend to have just the opposite effect. "These effects are magnified when we're comparing ourselves to people we view as peers, or those in a similar situation to ourselves," Zell explains.
Research has found that all of us engage in social comparisons — consciously or unconsciously — dozens and perhaps hundreds of times each day. To one extent or another, these comparisons influence every aspect of our well-being and behavior, from our confidence and self-regard, to our willingness to take risks, to the likelihood that we'll develop anxiety or depression.
Upward social comparison is not inherently harmful."It can inspire us to take better care of ourselves, or to be ambitious in positive ways," Zell says. But like anything else, too much of it can cause problems.
"Social media and technology have really expanded the reach of comparisons," Zell says. Many of us can't help but feel inferior when we're exposed to image after image or post after post of people who seem cooler, more interesting, funnier, prettier, or more stylish than we are.
Before social media, most of our comparisons were based on face-to-face interactions with friends, schoolmates, co-workers, and those who occupied our real-world social spheres. We saw the good and the bad — the features and the flaws — in something closer to equal measure. And this helped properly calibrate our self-assessments.
All of this suggests that limiting your exposure to online sources of upward social comparison may pay all sorts of dividends. In the infinitely large pond that is the internet, almost all of us are going to end up feeling like small frogs.
【1】Which one below reflects the frog-pond effect?
A．Frogs in large ponds are unwilling to compare themselves with others.
B．People with a low-rank in a high-rank group feel more attractive than people with a high-rank in a low-rank group.
C．People may feel depressed when compared with those with a superior rank.
D．Students with low academic grades in key universities have less faith in themselves in comparison with those with good achievements in inferior colleges.
【2】What is the main idea of paragraph 7 and 8?
A．Social comparisons cause harmful effects.
B．Upward social comparisons make people ambitious.
C．Despite harmful effects , moderate social comparisons benefit people.
D．People are always inspired in positive ways by social comparisons.
【3】What contributes to proper self-assessment according to the article?
A．judging everyone equally in real interaction with others
B．making comparisons based on face-to-face interaction
C．identifying the benefits from social media
D．expanding the reach of comparisons
【4】What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The "frog-pond effect" and its influence
B．The “frog-pond effect” influence self-assessment
C．How to evaluate yourself properly using the “frog-pond effect”
D．How to manage social comparisons
22、 Humans have a habit of delaying their own progress. From coffee to refrigerator to genetically changed food, history is filled with innovations that caused resistance before they become necessity in everyday life. Calestous Juma, a professor of Harvard University, explores this phenomenon in his latest book, Innovation and Its Enemies: Why People Resist New Technologies.
Among Juma’s claims is that people do not fear innovation simply because the technology is new, but because innovation often means losing a piece of their identity or lifestyle, and separating people from nature or their sense of purpose.
Juma identified in his research three key sources of opposition to innovation: those with commercial interests in existing products, those who identify with existing products, and those who might lose power as a result of change. The first group is perhaps the most obvious. Many industries have been affected by innovation. Just take a look at the pointless efforts of music publishers to stop the change to digital music. Some consumers might oppose an innovation because the existing product is deeply rooted in their identity, culture or customs. The British preferred tea time at home to sitting in a coffee shop, for example. Finally, the rise of new technologies can also result in a change redistributing wealth and influence away from some groups, and toward others. The expansion of harvesters and other mechanical equipment reduced the need for farm labor, and the change in population away from rural areas had significant political consequence.
Humans make decisions about new innovations with their instinct rather than evidence. Opponents and enthusiasts of a new technology will often make shocking claims to support their arguments. Juma said beneath those arguments was typically obvious concern of new technologies, rather than a reasoned response. Juma said, “People see a new product and there is an emotional reaction to that product because it challenges their outlook on the world. This has been the story with almost every new product.”
Historically, technologists have been more concerned with the functionality of the products they create, paying less attention to the consequence it may have on society at large, Juma claims. Fortunately, that may be starting to change.
【1】According to Para. 2 and 3, what is the key reason why people resist innovation?
A.The reliability of the existing technologies.
B.The difficulties of mastering new technologies.
C.The concern over the development of technologies.
D.The fear for the changes caused by new technologies.
【2】What is the author’s attitude to people’s opposition to innovation?
A.Uncertain. B.Disapproving. C.Supportive. D.Neutral.
【3】What does the passage imply?
A.Technologies’ effect on society should be valued.
B.The use of new products reduces the need for labor.
C.Enthusiasts of the technologies are more reasonable.
D.The functionality of new products causes more worries.
23、If you have trouble falling asleep, listen up. You might fall asleep 15 minutes earlier and wake up far less during the night if you put on a pair of socks at bedtime.
To understand why, you first need to grasp the relationship between core body temperature and sleep. During daylight hours, the human body has an average temperature of 37℃. But your core body temperature drops as much as 1.2℃ over one night's sleep. This gradual decrease is a key part of how we sleep. Put simply, the faster you can lower your core body temperature, the faster you will fall asleep.
One way that your body controls its temperature is through blood vessels (血管) in the skin. If your body is too hot, your blood vessels widen, pushing the warmer blood nearer the skin's surface, helping it to cool. If your body is too cold, the opposite happens. Your blood vessels narrow, restricting the flow of blood to the surface.
The palms of your feet are one of your body's most efficient heat exchangers, since they are hairless and less protected than other skin surfaces. Researchers have shown that warming the feet before going to sleep using a warm foot bath or by wearing socks promotes blood vessel widening, which in turn lowers the body's core temperature faster than going to sleep with cold, bare feet.
Scientists suspect that socked feet have a sleep-benefiting effect on the brain as well. The warm-sensitive neurons (神经元) in the brain become more active when there's a temperature difference between the body's core and the feet. Researchers have found that these neurons become more active as we get sleepy and slow down as we wake up, so that warming up the feet before bedtime may give them an extra drive, making you feel sleepier.
In a small study, researchers found that wearing a pair of special “sleeping socks” not only sped up the coming of sleep, but increased overall sleep time by an average of 30 minutes and cut nighttime waking episodes in half. If you're worried about becoming too warm, look for socks made of natural fibers.
【1】In which section of a newspaper can we find this text?
A．Lifestyle.
B．Trend.
C．Opinion.
D．Advertisement.
【2】What change does warm feet bring to the body?
A．Slowed brain reaction.
B．Narrowed blood vessels.
C．Decreased blood pressure.
D．Reduced core body temperature.
【3】How might the brain's warm-sensitive neurons help sleep?
A．To help to warm up the feet.
B．To speed up temperature growth.
C．To bring on sleepiness when activated.
D．To slow down the brain's blood flow.
【4】What is the finding of the small study mentioned in the last paragraph?
A．The warmth of socks depends on their material.
B．People wearing socks fall asleep 50 percent faster.
C．Special socks increase temperature more effectively.
D．Sock wearing helps people sleep longer and wake less.
24、A unique experience awaits you at the Centre for Alternative Technology on the edge of the beautiful Snowdonia National Park.
Over thirty years ago a group of people decided to try out alternative technologies. They chose a remote empty place, where rock used to be dug from the ground, as their base. Here experiments offering solutions to the world’s energy problems were carried out, and nowadays many of these ideas have become common practice. You can experience all these for yourself in just one day with us, and then take away what you have learned and put it into practice at home. Be assured it will help you save on your household energy costs!
Your visit to us begins with a ride up a steep 60-metre hillside on a railway which is worked by using the weight of water. At the top of the mountain you will enjoy beautiful views to the distant coastline. Then interactive displays show the power of wind, water and sun, while showing you what can be done in an ordinary household to reduce your influence on the planet.
There was no soil when the project was started, so we created our organic gardens using our own home-made soil. You can enjoy woodland walks or even notice spring flowers growing on the roofs of environmentally-friendly buildings.
In 2006 we opened our new eco-adventure playground for children, and we also run workshops where they can make models and become inventors of the future by putting wind, water or solar power into their own designs.
The Centre for Alternative Technology is open all year round and has good rail, road and cycle links. In fact we offer a 50% reduction on the admission price if you arrive by bicycle. There is wheelchair access for disabled visitors—telephone us in advance if you would like assistance.
【1】What’s the main purpose of setting up the Centre for Alternative Technology?
A. To provide people with relevant experience.
B. To teach people how to reduce energy costs.
C. To show the hard condition for early experiments.
D. To encourage people to develop alternative technologies.
【2】According to the passage, visitors can .
A. learn to create their own organic gardens
B. appreciate the views of distant mountains
C. visit exhibitions of alternative technologies
D. enjoy woodland walks on the top of buildings
【3】Where is the passage most probably from?
A. A literary essay.
B. A research report.
C. A historical novel.
D. A science website.
25、Mercy, my parents’ naughty dog, would run around the house all day long. So when they brought home a Christmas tree, they ___________ chaos. To their _____________, Mercy didn’t seem to care. Nor did she _____________ the fancy presents under it.
One early morning before Christmas, my mother passed the_______ living room and then stopped cold. Turning up the light, she saw that every present was__________. Only the tree was still there. Had they been robbed? Mercy! Where was she? Had the _____________ taken her? Her thoughts restless, my mother _____________ a piece of ribbon on the floor. Then a bit of torn wrapping paper a few feet away. Some more beyond that. All the _____ led toward the back door. My mother turned on the switch, bathing the ________ in light. Oh, yes, it was Mercy. She lay under her favorite tree in a cozy nest of ___________ wrapping paper and chewed-up boxes mixed with the last remaining evidence of ___________ . Clearly Mercy’s self-control had ____________ ! She’d silently carried one package after another out so she could rob___ .
Seeing Mercy_____, my parents felt grateful and laughed off the ruined presents. Only one problem remained. With all the gift tags ( 标 签 )____, how could they send out thank-you cards to the present givers?
Mercy provided the_____. A few days later, my mother snapped ( 抓拍) a picture of the shamefaced Mercy when she found the dog_____licking (舔) a plate where a sandwich had just been. My mother used it to make thank-you notes. The caption______, “Thank you for the …” Inside, the whole story was_____. Everyone shared the sweet_____that Christmas is also a season for Mercy.
【1】
A．handled
B．created
C．expected
D．ignored
【2】
A．regret
B．astonishment
C．horror
D．disappointment
【3】
A．react to
B．look for
C．take back
D．give away
【4】
A．barely-decorated
B．well-furnished
C．thoroughly-cleaned
D．faintly-lit
【5】
A．unwrapped
B．gone
C．moved
D．prepared
【6】
A．burglars
B．neighbors
C．friends
D．doctors
【7】
A．placed
B．removed
C．noticed
D．fixed
【8】
A．clues
B．events
C．scenes
D．symbols
【9】
A．living room
B．kitchen
C．backyard
D．bedroom
【10】
A．painted
B．folded
C．burnt
D．torn
【11】
A．cards
B．leaves
C．notes
D．gifts
【12】
A．helped
B．recovered
C．improved
D．failed
【13】
A．privately
B．deliberately
C．clumsily
D．temporarily
【14】
A．healthy
B．safe
C．calm
D．loyal
【15】
A．added
B．printed
C．destroyed
D．fastened
【16】
A．answer
B．advice
C．information
D．service
【17】
A．proudly
B．guiltily
C．happily
D．curiously
【18】
A．commented
B．described
C．read
D．told
【19】
A．concluded
B．explained
C．confirmed
D．changed
【20】
A．challenge
B．adventure
C．experiment
D．reminder
26、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jesse and I are good friends. But we have recently cooled off. It was last month that the story began in gym class.
“Come on. Emily!” Jesse sounded so impatient. “We’ll be late for class.” After math class was gym class, and I was a bit slow that day. Jesse kept urging me to hurry up.
Just then I found my wallet missing. I dropped my book bag to dig through my coat pockets. I was wet with anxiety.
“Someone took it.” Jesse said. As usual, she was quick to point away from the bright side of things.
Even though we were best friends. Jesse and I were just so different.
Jesse and I had to rush into the gym. Soon Jesse spread the news about the theft. By last period in gym class, I was tired of having to say over and over again, “I’m sure I just left it at home.”
After gym class, we went into the locker room. I was changing when I heard a gasp from Jesse. I looked at her and found her face was white with shock. There at her feet, was my wallet.
“It fell out of her locker!” Jesse pointed at Hellen a “new girl” in our class. “She stole it.” Everyone began to accuse Hellen at once.
“Jesse caught her red-handed.”
“Report it!”
Some people were beginning to wonder about Hellen.
I looked over at Hellen. She picked up the wallet and held it out to me. Her hands were trembling. “I found it in the parking lot. I was going to give it to you.”
Jesse spit the words “I’m so sure!” at her.
“Really, it’s true.” Hellen’s eyes began to fill with tears.
I reached for my wallet. I didn’t know what to think, but when I looked over at Jesse, her attitude made me sick inside. I looked at Hellen. She was scared but looked sincere.I knew I held her reputation in my hands.
“I am so glad you found it,” I smiled. “Thanks, Hellen.” The tension around us broke.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Good thing she found it,” everyone but Jesse agreed.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Just then a folded piece of paper dropped from my wallet.
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