微信扫一扫
随时随地学习
随时随地学习
1、It was David dreamed to be an interpreter, _____ he joined a translation club at the age of 16.
A. but B. so C. or D. for
2、People have difficulty accepting that their pictures were webcast live to millions of viewers, ______ the fact that some of them were not so graceful.
A．no doubt
B．no denying
C．nothing like
D．not to mention
3、— How can I wake up so early?
—Set the alarm at 5:00 am., you will make it.
A. and B. but
C. or D. so
4、--- Can you introduce me a high quality machine?
--- My pleasure. _______ well even on wet roads, this kind of car is very popular.
A.Handled B.To handle C.Handling D.Being handled
5、It is not surprising the new course on electronic games has attracted many students.
A. what B. which
C. that D. where
6、Henry, it’s your turn. Please ____ the story where we left off before our coffee break.
A.make up B.take up C.bring up D.set up
7、Nothing shakes a parent’s confidence ______ the starting of a child’s adolescence.
A. as well as B. as much as C. as good as D. as long as
8、 My flight was delayed, so I read a book ________ time.
A. kill B. killing
C. to kill D. having killed
9、At first, the company _______ many fine promises to Jack in order to get him to work for them.
A.held up B.held back C.held off D.held out
10、My smart watch battery slow.It needs charging.
A.runs B.is run C.ran D.is running
11、 First-class players of football must have excellent ball control, but it is not just _____ they do with their feet _____ counts.
A. how; that B. that; what
C. what; that D. whether; what
12、When I was talking, Mrs. Southern listened keenly, ______ breaking in with relevant questions.
A．eventually
B．repeatedly
C．occasionally
D．immediately
13、—Could you please show me which boy in the photo is Patrick?
—The one_____red hair.
A．in
B．over
C．of
D．with
14、Going out is __________good means of relaxation. Would you like to go to______ park with me in the afternoon?
A. the ;the B. the; a C. a; the D. /；a
15、The opinion learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years.
A. which B. that
C. what D. how
16、When I returned to my high school in town, I found it ______ completely.
A．changed
B．to be changed
C．having changed
D．changing
17、The procedure appealed to the staff a lot________it was introduced to them in January.
A．since
B．until
C．when
D．though
18、--I hear that there was a terrible crash in the subway in Shanghai the other day．
--Yes，_____ news came as _____ shock to all of us．
A．the; the B．a; /
C．the; a D．/; a
19、______ is important in study is diligence rather than intelligence.
A. Which B. What
C. Who D. When
20、The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public.
A．posting
B．to post
C．posted
D．to be posted
21、Move Over, Selfish Gene
Evolution traditionally has a problem with nice people. If only the fittest individuals survive, then those who are nice to others at their own expense will surely be weeded out. Yet cooperation is widespread in nature, from plants alerting each other to danger to dolphins cooperating to round up fish.
A decades-old idea called kin selection can explain some of this: if organisms (生物) have enough DNA in common, then they can further their own selfish genes by helping one another. Bees and ants have a system of reproduction which leaves colony members so closely related that they act almost as a single super-organism. And among any sexually reproducing species, parental care helps individuals pass on their genes.
But kin selection cannot explain why humans are so nice to strangers. One idea is that we have evolved to be super-cooperative because, over time, more cooperative groups have outcompeted less cooperative ones. But there generally isn’t enough genetic variation between groups to allow natural selection to favor more cooperative ones.
Some researchers think the solution lies in an idea called cultural group selection. Forget shared genes, they argue. Selection can favor cooperative groups if the people within them share enough culture. The idea is controversial because to work it requires that groups remain culturally distinct. As critics point out, people tend to migrate (迁移) between groups, which should homogenize (使同质化) ideas and customs. Those who back the concept counter that groups have ways to maintain their distinct culture, including a process called norm (准则) enforcement. Put simply, if someone migrates into a new cultural group, they are pressured into following the local rules because failing to do so leads to punishment.
Earlier this year, Mathew and Handley at Arizona State University published a study testing the idea. They sampled 759 people from four ethnic groups in Kenya who compete intensively for land, water and livestock. The pair estimated that genetic differences between individuals from different groups was generally less than 15%. Cultural practices and beliefs varied much more, by 10% to 20%. People cooperated most with members of their own group, as cultural group selection predicts, and to a lesser extent with members of other groups whose norms most closely matched their own. That makes sense if culture rather than genetics is what matters. “I think this is one of the most explicit tests of cultural group selection theory so far,” says Mathew.
Not everyone is persuaded. Krasnow at Harvard University sees no theoretical flaw with the idea, but says that some of his research undermines it. He has found that people don’t just enforce the rules within their group, but also punish people from other groups who fail to follow their own group’s norms. Mathew counters that it is reasonable to enforce the norms on outsiders as a step towards incorporating (使并入) them into your cultural group. “This is often how empires expand,” she says.
【1】The example of bees and ants is used to ________.
A．highlight the significant role of reproduction
B．demonstrate the efficiency of a super-organism
C．reveal why parents care about their selfish genes
D．explain the cause of organisms helping one another
【2】For the idea of cultural group selection to work, a pre-condition is that ________.
A．cooperative groups have a larger chance of survival
B．genetic variations in the same cultural group are small
C．cultural differences are weakened with people migrating
D．cultural distinctiveness can be preserved with certain methods
【3】The text is developed mainly through ________.
A．sorting information into different topics
B．narrating events in time order
C．presenting doubts and exploring answers
D．discussing similarities and differences
【4】We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．culture plays a more significant role in choosing cooperators
B．being selfish is of vital importance for an individual to survive
C．Mathew’s study result contradicts what cultural group selection predicts
D．people joining a new group will be punished for not keeping their own culture
22、A few years ago, I was giving a presentation to the CEO of a company. Through the entire meeting time, the CEO sat at the conference table with his arms tightly crossed without a smile. I was sure that he was not satisfied, but later his assistant told me her boss was impressed with my presentation. Suddenly, I realized that, it was his usual behavior. 【1】 Here are three more: ignoring the context, finding meaning in a single gesture, comparing with a proper culture.
First, context is king. The same nonverbal gestures can take on totally different meanings in different contexts. You can’t really make sense of someone’s nonverbal message unless you understand the circumstances behind it. For example, if you yawn in a staff meeting because you were up early for an international business call, let people know why you’re tired. 【2】
Then, people are constantly trying to evaluate your state of mind by monitoring your body language. But often they will assign meaning to a single nonverbal gesture. Generally speaking, people take more notice of any sign that indicates you’re in a bad mood and not to be approached. 【3】 So, you may be more comfortable standing with your arms folded across your chest, but others judge that single gesture as resistant and unapproachable.
When I talk about culture, I’m referring to a set of shared values that a group of people hold. 【4】 More importantly, they are the kind of criteria by which people judge others. We all have cultural biases that regard some nonverbal behaviors as normal and right and others as strange or wrong. What’s proper and correct in one culture may be ineffective or even rude in another.
【5】 Understanding them, and trying not to make the same ones, will help you display your nonverbal ability.
A．Such values affect how members of the group think and act.
B．Nonverbal signals are very common in our daily life.
C．These are people’s most common mistakes when they read your body language.
D．As with me, when people don’t know your usual behavior they can easily jump to the wrong conclusion.
E．Without this context, you’ll look like you’re just bored.
F．If they don’t know the context, embarrassment will appear.
G．This is because the human brain pays more attention to negative messages than it does to positive ones.
23、Like a tired marriage, the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been dull. E-books, however, are causing heartache. Libraries know they need digital wares if they are to remain relevant, but many publishers are too cautious about piracy (盗版) and lost sales to cooperate. Among the big six, only Random House and Harper Collins license e-books with most libraries.
Publishers are wise to be nervous. Owners of e-readers are exactly the customers they need: book- lovers with money. If these people switch to borrowing e-books instead of buying them, what then? Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient. Unlike printed books, e-book files can be downloaded at home from digital libraries anytime. The files disappear from the device when they are due automatically. Awkwardly for publishers, buying an e-book costs more than renting one but offers little extra value.
E-lending is not simple, however. There are lots of different and often incompatible (不兼容的) e-book formats, devices and licenses. Most libraries use a company called OverDrive, which secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format. Yet publishers and libraries are worried by OverDrive’s global market dominance, as the company can control fees and conditions. Publishers were annoyed when OverDrive teamed up with Amazon, the world’s biggest online bookseller, last year. Owners of Amazon’s Kindle e-reader who want to borrow e-books from libraries are now redirected to Amazon’s website, where Amazon follows up library frequenters directly, letting them know they can “Buy this book” when the loan falls due.
According to Pew, an opinion researcher, library users are a perfect market for Amazon. Late last year Amazon introduced its Kindle Owners’ Lending Library, which lets its best customers borrow free one of thousands of popular books each month.
Library supporters argue that book borrowers are also book buyers and that libraries are vital spaces for readers to discover new works. Many were cheered by a recent Pew survey which found that more than half of Americans with library cards say they prefer to buy their e-books. So, publishers keep adjusting their lending arrangements in search of the right balance. Random House raised its licensing prices earlier this year, and Harper Collins limits libraries to lending its titles 26 times.
【1】What can be inferred from Paragraph 1?
A．Many publishers are hesitant to license e-books.
B．The library-publisher relationship has been unstable.
C．Libraries and publishers hold the same view towards e-books.
D．Random House and Harper Collins are the top two publishers.
【2】Why are publishers worried about electronic borrowing?
A．There may be a noticeable drop in profit.
B．Rights for publishers can’t be secured any longer.
C．E-books can be downloaded again when they are due.
D．E-books and their audio files are provided in every format.
【3】What can we learn from the text?
A．Amazon is adopting measures to win more customers.
B．E-books can be lent at libraries as many times as you like.
C．OverDrive distributes e-books and audio files to publishers.
D．Over half of Americans are borrowing e-books from libraries.
【4】What is the best title for the text?
A．Reading Online or Offline
B．A Marriage-like Relationship
C．A Bright Future for Publishers
D．A Tense Story Raised by E-books
24、September 23 marks the start of a new season. 【1】 In Great Britain, the third season of the year usually has only one name: autumn. But if you travel across the Atlantic, you’ll find that people use both fall and autumn interchangeably when referring to this time of year, making it the only season in the English language with two widely accepted names. 【2】
According to Dictionary.com, fall isn’t a modern name that followed the more traditional autumn. The two terms are actually first recorded within a few hundred years, with the term fall being used even a bit earlier.
【3】 The word is of Germanic origin and meant “picking” or “collecting”, a nod to the act of gathering and preserving crops in the field before winter. In the 1500s, English speakers began referring to the season separating the hot and cold months as either the fall of the leaf or the spring of the leaf, or fall and spring for short. 【4】 By the end of the 1600s, autumn, from the French word “automne” and the Latin “autumnus”, had overtaken fall as the standard British term for the third season.
Around the same time England adopted autumn, the first-ever British American colonists (殖民者) were voyaging to North America. 【5】 While the former fell out of fashion overseas, it established itself in the local vocabulary by the time America won its independence. Today, using both words to describe the season before winter is still a unique American behavior.
A．With them they brought the words fall and autumn.
B．The Americans prefer using fall to using autumn.
C．However, what exactly you should call that season depends on where you are.
D．But for some reason, only spring had staying power in Britain.
E．It is time to gather apples, rice and other things for the farmers.
F．So what is it about the season that makes it so special?
G．Before either word appeared, the season between summer and winter was known as harvest.
25、I was visiting members of my late husband John’s medical team. They had worked hard when he _________ lung cancer. Each time I _________them for all they had done, I felt myself gaining closure.
Then I _________ to John’s favorite Chinese restaurant. We’d gone there after so many of John’s treatments. I wanted to talk to the manager, who knew about our _________ and had always been kind to us. When I pulled over, I could hear John’s voice in my cars. The _________ John told me every time I got behind the wheel. “Drive _________.”
This phrase was one of the ways he showed his _________. I knew when he said it, he was also saying, “I care about you.”
I took the manager aside. “I want you to know that John had _________.”
She _________. I gave her a hug __________ that John and I had so many people who cared. We exchanged some __________ of him and shared a few laughs.
As I was about to leave, I spotted a fortune cookie left by the manager. Should I__________ it? I didn’t need a fortune to tell me that life without John would still be__________. Still, just for fun, I opened the cookie and __________ the small piece of paper inside.
“The __________ ahead is long,” my fortune read. Drive safely.
【1】
A．treated
B．battled
C．survived
D．removed
【2】
A．favored
B．supported
C．thanked
D．praised
【3】
A．rushed
B．fled
C．wandered
D．drove
【4】
A．demand
B．situation
C．preference
D．relation
【5】
A．secrets
B．Words
C．orders
D．warnings
【6】
A．bravely
B．carefully
C．slowly
D．safely
【7】
A．presence
B．devotion
C．comfort
D．love
【8】
A．passed away
B．broken down
C．gone away
D．backed down
【9】
A．panicked
B．shouted
C．cried
D．hesitated
【10】
A．surprised
B．cheerful
C．satisfied
D．grateful
【11】
A．memories
B．opinions
C．expectations
D．updates
【12】
A．keep
B．open
C．return
D．taste
【13】
A．boring
B．tough
C．full
D．stable
【14】
A．flattened
B．folded
C．shared
D．grabbed
【15】
A．line
B．story
C．road
D．race
26、假定你是学生会主席李华，请用英语给全体同学写一封主题为"Building a Healthy New Life"的倡议书。要点如下:
1.倡议目的；
2.倡议内容。
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Building a Healthy New Life
Dear fellow students,
I'm Lihua, president of the Student Union of our school.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Union
邮箱： 