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随时随地学习
1、What we learn today in school will ______ whether we can meet our challenges in the future.
A. defend B. consume
C. determine D. consent
2、________we know, Zhang Wenhong is such a good doctor________ we all like.
A．As long as；whom
B．As long as；who
C．As far as；that
D．As far as；as
3、________ by the beauty of the piano music, the audience almost forgot to applaud when the pianist finally finished it.
A．Attract
B．To attract
C．Attracting
D．Attracted
4、________ to ________ the nature reserve, the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages.
A. Opposed; developing B. Opposing; developing
C. Opposing; develop D. Opposed; develop
5、I can't bear ________, so I hope you can come on time.
A. to keep waiting B. to keep to wait
C. being kept waiting D. being kept to wait
6、As for his advantages, he has 20 years’ teaching experience to _______.
A.draw on B.draw back C.draw up D.draw in
7、Accustomed to _______ the steep mountains, she had no difficulty reaching top.
A．climbing
B．climb
C．having climbed
D．have climbed
8、We could see nothing in the thick fog at a _____ of two meters, so we got lost.
A. distance B. length C. way D. space
9、The pilot, as well as all the passengers, ________ lucky to survive the air crash due to his extraordinary skills.
A．is
B．are
C．was
D．were
10、The government has taken some measures to solve the shortage of electricity , but it may be some time _________the situation improves.
A. since B. when
C. before D. unless
11、Over 200 people died ______ the air crash.
A.with regard to B.as a consequence of C.in the course of D.on the ground of
12、Considerable resources have been devoted to _____ him a liar.
A. prove B. proven
C. proving D. proved
13、My way of thinking might be different from yours, but it’s equally ________.
A.eventual B.valid C.abundant D.digital
14、The manager and heads of the sections will spend the morning _______ in the meeting room, ________ the problems they are facing.
A.locking; discussing B.locked; discussed
C.locked; discussing D.locking; discussed
15、Experts say ________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
A. exposed B. having exposed
C. being exposed D. exposing
16、How many members have __________ registered in the club?
A. officially B. official
C. office D. officer
17、______ it is to have a cool drink after an ______ game.
A. How fun; exhausting B. What fun; exhausted
C. What fun; exhausting D. How fun; exhausted
18、‘’There is among Chinese people that no country or individual can can protect itself without intellectual property（知识产权）protection’’ Liu Xin said.
A.commitment B.criterion C.consensus D.competence
19、It was Tom as well as his friends that ________ for the serious accident.
A．was to be blamed
B．were to blame
C．was blaming
D．was to blame
20、I was _______ with my son about his carelessness, which _______ the main cause of his failure in math.
A.annoyed; were B.amazed; was C.amazing; were D.annoyed; was
21、Many young people, most________ were well-received, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
A.of which B.of whom C.of them D.of those
22、A student is said to have got a suspension from school for cheating in the exam. __________honesty is concerned, no compromise is acceptable.
A.When B.Where C.What D.Once
23、The majority of people in the town strongly ______ the plan to build a playground for children.
A. consider B. support
C. confirm D. continue
24、James is afraid of ________by sharks.
A.attacking B.being attacked C.having attacked D.having been attacked
25、Research universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware ________ prices.
A．in terms of
B．in addition to
C．regardless of
D．on account of
26、 So you want to figure out who moved your cheese, or just learn some spiritual laws of success. Whatever’s standing between you and happiness, chances are that someone’s written a self-help book about it. Here’s what they say.
Book 1: Self Help by Samuel Smiles
Back in Victorian England, the aptly-named Samuel Smiles wrote the first self-help book. Smiles told his readers that there’s no quick fix, and the harder you worked, the happier you would be.
Book 2: How To Win Friends And Influence People by Dale Carnegie
Fast forward to 1936. Struggling actor Dale Carnegie writes an optimistic masterpiece that leads him to fame. He wrote that power and happiness would increase if you tried to see the world as others see it, remember people’s names, and develop a firm handshake.
Book 3: The Power Of Positive Thinking by Norman Vincent Peale
In the 1950s, minister Norman Vincent Peale brought God into the equation (平等、等式) with his message that faith is the key to achieving anything. His message? Pray, visualize (形象化) solutions, and remove self-doubt.
Book 4: Who Moved My Cheese by Dr. Spencer Johnson
The message of this book is that change is unavoidable. The sooner you let go of the old and embrace (拥抱) the new, the happier you’ll be.
【1】Which of the following is the first self-help book?
A.The Power Of Positive Thinking
B.How To Win Friends And In fluence People
C.Self help
D.Who Moved My Cheese
【2】What made Dale Carnegie famous?
A.He was brave enough to fight with actors.
B.He wrote his most popular book
C.He lived an optimistic life in the 1930s.
D.He found the secret of happiness.
【3】What’s the similar theme of the above books?
A.Know exactly what you want and act positively.
B.The more you smile, the happier you will be.
C.The harder you worked, the happier you would be.
D.Faith is the key to achieving anything.
27、I watched my Dad close the door. It was a really cold night in dead silence and I was all alone at home. My parents left because they had been running fever for several days and they were showing other symptoms of COVID-19. It was the 9th day of Wuhan lockdown starting on January 23.
The virus we now know as COVID-19 is somehow fearsome partly because it does not discriminate (区别对待) in choosing who it infects. But that is only partly true. All the evidence suggest that it can be merciless to older people, so I was wondering whether my parents would make it and whether we would ever take family photos, which my parents and I had talked about during the Spring Festival holiday..
On their second day away my parents called and asked me how I was. We talked using FaceTime, and the moment I saw mom lying there with an oxygen mask and my dad could not talk without breathing heavily, I realized that I had to live on my own.
But two weeks later, I came across a fever and had to go into quarantine (隔离) and be put under medical observations for 14 days. Fortunately, my illness turned out to be due to a bacterial infections but not COVID-19.
Everything there was hectic, there seemed to be a shortage of medical staff and materials were in short supply. Even though the doctors and nurses were covered from head to toe, I could see how tired they were when I looked into their bloodshot eyes.
They would work a whole day preparing for new patients and seemed incredibly apologetic for not having everything that was needed. Most of the patients were really understanding, but of course there were those who were not, and complained loudly, but all the doctors and nurses tried their best to deal with it in a calming way. And they are all from other cities like Shanghai and Guangzhou, and some of them are just three or four years older than me.
When the quarantine was over, every patient effusively thanked the workers for what they had done, but the answer they received was exactly the same: “That’s what we’re here for.”
【1】When did the author’s parents leave her for the hospital?
A．January 23.
B．January 30.
C．January 31.
D．February 1.
【2】What does the underlined phrase “make it” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Succeed.
B．Join in.
C．Arrive.
D．Survive.
【3】What can we learn according to the passage?
A．Both the author and her parents got infected with COVID-19.
B．The majority of the patients understood the doctors and nurses.
C．The patients apologized to the doctors and nurses because they were too tired.
D．The author didn’t get infected with COVID-19 because the virus can only infect the older.
【4】What may the author think of the medical workers according to the passage?
A．Admirable.
B．Outgoing.
C．Impatient.
D．Thankful.
28、 You've heard the predictions from some of the brightest minds about AI’s influence. Tesla and SpaceX chief Elon Musk worries that AI is far more dangerous than nuclear weapons. The late scientist Stephen Hawking warned AI could serve as the “worst event in the history of our civilization” unless humanity is prepared for its possible risks.
But many experts, even those who are aware of such risks, have a more positive attitude, especially in health-care and possibly in education. That is one of the results from a new AI study released Monday by the Pew Research Center.
Pew canvassed the opinions of 979 experts over the summer, a group that included famous technologists, developers, innovators and business and policy leaders. The interviewed experts, some of whom chose to remain anonymous, were asked to join in the discussion of a serious and important question: "By 2030, do you think it is most likely that advancing AI and related technology systems will improve human capacities and control them?"
Nearly two-thirds experts predicted most of us will be mostly better off. But a third thought otherwise, and a majority of the experts expressed at least some concerns over the long-term impact of AI on the "essential elements(要素) of being human." Among those concerns were data abuse, loss of jobs and loss of control brought by autonomous weapons and cybercrime(网络犯罪). Above all, by taking data in and spitting answers out, those "black box" tools make decisions in digital systems. It is an erosion(侵蚀) in our ability to think for ourselves.
【1】What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?
A. To stop human developing AI. B. To inform readers how AI develops.
C. To tell readers the result of a study. D. To encourage a public discussion.
【2】What does the underlined word “canvass” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Ask. B. Adopt.
C. Weigh. D. Analyse.
【3】What are experts most concerned about?
A. AI will beat humans in abilities and qualities.
B. Humans will suffer a decrease of thinking ability.
C. Humans will develop autonomous weapons.
D. AI will come to power in human societies.
【4】What do we know about AI from the text?
A. Elon Musk holds a positive attitude towards AI.
B. Stephen Hawking warned people not to develop AI.
C. Few interviewed experts expressed their concerns about AI.
D. Most interviewed experts believed AI makes human life better.
29、A Letter to My Younger Self
Dear 17-year-old self,
When your Laker (洛杉矶湖人队球员) dream comes true tomorrow, you need to figure out a way to invest in the future of your family and friends. This sounds simple, but you have to take some time to think it over.
I said invest.
I did not say give.
Let me explain.
Purely giving material things to your siblings (兄弟姐妹) and friends may appear to be the right decision. You love them, and they were always there for you growing up, so it’s only right that they should share your success and all that comes with it. You buy them a car, a big house, and pay all of their bills. You want them to live a comfortable life, right?
But the day will come when you realize that as much as you believed you were doing the right thing, you were actually holding them back.
You will come to understand that you were taking care of them because it made you feel good to see them smiling. That was extremely selfish of you. While you were feeling satisfied with yourself, you were slowly eating away at their own dreams and ambitions. You were adding material things to their lives, but taking away the most precious gifts of all: independence and growth.
Understand that you are about to be the leader of the family. This involves making tough choices, even if your siblings and friends do not understand them at the time.
Invest in their future; don’t just give.
Use your success, wealth and influence to put them in the best position to realize their own dreams and find their true purpose. Put them through school, set them up with job interviews and help them become leaders in their own right. Hold them to the same level of dedication (全身心投入) that it took for you to get to where you are now and where you will eventually go.
I’m writing you now so that you can begin this process immediately and don’t have to deal with the struggle of getting rid of the addiction you caused. That addiction only leads to anger and jealousy from everybody involved, including yourself.
As time goes on, you will see them grow independently and have their own ambitions and their own lives, and your relationship with all of them will be much better as a result.
There’s plenty more I could write to you, but at 17, I know you don’t have the attention span (注意力持续时间) to sit through 2,000 words.
The next time I write to you, I may touch on the challenges of mixing blood with business. The most important advice I can give to you is to make sure your parents remain PARENTS and not managers.
Before you sign that first contract, figure out the right budget for your parents - one that will allow them to live beautifully while also growing your business and setting people up for long-term success. That way, your children’s kids and their kids will be able to invest in their own futures when the time comes.
Your life is about to change, and things are about to come at you very fast. But just let this sink in a bit when you lay down at night after another nine-hour training day.
Trust me, setting things up right from the beginning will avoid a ton of tears and heartache, some of which remains to this day.
Much love,
Kobe
(节选自the Player’s Tribune)
【1】According to Bryant, “giving” could make ______.
①him feel satisfied with himself
②him stand out from other players
③his siblings and friends live a comfortable life
④his siblings and friends depend on him
A.①②③ B.①③④ C.①②④. D.②③④
【2】According to the article, Bryant probably ______.
A.had never dreamed of playing for the Lakers
B.spent a large sum of money buying houses for himself
C.had trouble handling family relationships
D.has a circle of supportive friends
【3】According to the article, Bryant should have ______ when he was younger.
A.shared his success with others
B.inspired his siblings to achieve their goals through hard work
C.looked for well-paid jobs for his siblings
D.refused to live with his siblings
【4】Bryant’s purpose in writing this letter was to ______.
A.criticize his siblings for wasteful spending
B.give advice to young people about how to treat their family if they become rich
C.complain about feeling tired of looking after his friends
D.remind young people to use every means to take good care of their family
30、There has, in recent years, been an outpouring of information about the impact of buildings on the natural environment. Information which explains and promotes green construction design strives to _________ others of its effectiveness and warns of the dangers of ignoring the issue. Seldom do these documents offer any advice to practitioners, such as those designing mechanical and electrical systems for a building, on how to use this knowledge on a _________ level.
Although there are a good many advocates of “green” construction in the architectural industry, able to list enough reasons why buildings should be designed in a (n) _________ way, that doesn’t translate into a booming green construction industry. Likewise, the fact that plenty of architectural firms have experience in green design is not enough to make green construction _________. The driving force behind whether a building is constructed with minimal environmental impact _________ the owner of the building; that is, the person financing the project. If the owner considers green design unimportant, or of secondary importance, then more than likely, it will not be _________ into the design.
The commissioning (委任) process plays a key role in _________ the owner gets the building he wants, in terms of design, costs and risk. Owners who _________ the commissioning process, or fail to take “green” issues into account when doing so, often run into trouble once their building is up and running. Materials and equipment are installed as planned, and, at first glance, appear to fulfil their purpose adequately. _________, in time, the owner realizes that operational and maintenance costs are higher than necessary, and that the occupants are dissatisfied with the results. These factors in turn lead to higher ownership costs as well as increased environmental impact.
In some cases, an owner may be __________ of the latest trends in green building design, which, however, does not necessarily lead to an interpretation that the client already has an idea of how green he intends the structure to be. Indeed, this initial interaction between owner and firm is the ideal time for a designer to outline and __________ the ways that green design can meet the client’s objectives. In this way, he may turn a project originally not __________green design into a potential candidate.
Typically, when condiering whether or not to adopt a green __________, an owner will ask about additional costs or return for investment. In a typical project, landscape architects, mechanical and electrical engineers are not involved until a much later stage. However, in green design, they have a role to play from they outset, since green design demands__________between these disciplines, which requires additional cost. However, there are examples of green design which have demonstrated__________costs for long-term operation, ownership and even construnction.
【1】
A．preserve
B．convince
C．exploit
D．accuse
【2】
A．pracical
B．measured
C．tremendous
D．theoretial
【3】
A．professional
B．groundbreaking
C．innovative
D．sustainable
【4】
A．tap into experience
B．live up to its name
C．rise to fame
D．come into being
【5】
A．refers to
B．lies with
C．races against
D．calls on
【6】
A．knocked
B．loaded
C．factored
D．stuffed
【7】
A．concluding
B．stressing
C．ensuring
D．acknowledging
【8】
A．skip
B．transport
C．isolate
D．cover
【9】
A．As a result
B．On the contrary
C．What’s more
D．However
【10】
A．ignorant
B．aware
C．critical
D．capable
【11】
A．promote
B．perceive
C．attribute
D．impose
【12】
A．applited to
B．anxious for
C．destined for
D．specific about
【13】
A．gesture
B．approach
C．origin
D．patent
【14】
A．competition
B．calculation
C．cooperation
D．distinction
【15】
A．increased
B．extra
C．fixed
D．lower
31、 Oscar, a two year old cat, lives in a nursing home, where people stay when they are very ill or at the end of their lives. Every day, Oscar ______ in and out of the patients’ rooms. The nurses say that he is just like a ______. He looks at each patient and ______. Then he usually leaves the room. ______, when Oscar decides to stay and gets on the bed next to the patient, the nurses ______ the doctor and the patient’s family. According to the nurses, Oscar has accurately ______ the death of 25 patients so far.
Oscar’s story is just a story. ______ has done research to ______ how accurate Oscar really is. However, two research studies have found that some dogs can ______ cancer.
In the first study, cancer patients ______ into tubes. Researchers then ______ five dogs to sit or lie down ______ they smelled the breath samples with cancer. Next came the ______ test. The dogs smelled more than 150 different breath samples. On average, they ______ 93 percent of the cancer samples.
In the second study, several dogs identified a sample that the researchers ______ was cancer-free. The researchers sent it back for more lab tests. This time, the tests showed that the sample ______ did show signs of cancer. The dogs identified cancer that the first tests ______!
What makes dogs a species of animal that is so ______ detecting cancer? Diseases such as cancer produce smells. Dogs can ______ as much as 10,000 times better than people.
Will a visit to the doctor soon include a sniff from a friendly animal? Some people think this is not a(n) ______ idea. It is less expensive than a lab test, and it doesn’t hurt!
【1】A.walks B.rides C.lives D.rests
【2】A.teacher B.student C.doctor D.patient
【3】A.sniffs B.smiles C.jumps D.sleeps
【4】A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Besides
【5】A.call B.help C.choose D.refuse
【6】A.predicted B.escaped C.caused D.remembered
【7】A.Anybody B.Somebody C.Nobody D.Everybody
【8】A.carry on B.look up C.find out D.hold back
【9】A.detect B.stop C.get D.treat
【10】A.fell B.crashed C.ran D.breathed
【11】A.advised B.trained C.expected D.inspired
【12】A.before B.when C.though D.unless
【13】A.strange B.subjective C.false D.real
【14】A.identified B.collected C.offered D.studied
【15】A.pretended B.thought C.denied D.imagined
【16】A.hardly B.nearly C.actually D.formerly
【17】A.proved B.missed C.showed D.changed
【18】A.tired of B.mad about C.strict with D.good at
【19】A.see B.taste C.smell D.hear
【20】A.interesting B.creative C.bad D.old
32、I was catching a flight from Calcutta to Madras and had arrived at the airport rather early. I had always thought of airports as _________ places until I saw a young couple sitting a few seats away from me, and _________ the woman was crying. I realized that though airports were places of delightful _________, they could also be about difficult departure.
The young man who looked obviously connected to the woman didn’t even try to _________ her. After a certain amount of _________, I walked over with a Smile Stone—a small marble with a smile _________ on it—in my hand and said, “Excuse me, can I give this to you?” And I held out one of the sky-blue Smile Stones. Tears filled _________ eyes. “Why?” she wanted to know. “To make you smile.” She took it quickly and _________ a quick, grateful smile.
Later as my bag was going through the security _________, a uniformed, unsmiling young lady pulled my backpack onto aside table and started unceremoniously (毫不客气地) unzipping (拉开拉链) its various sections and ____________ the contents in the mildly aggressive ____________ that airport security staff sometimes have. When she put her ____________ quickly into the front pocket, she came up with a handful of smile stones—they smiled at her ____________ and her face gently broke into a smile. The whole ____________ of her interaction with my backpack and with me shifted in that second. I pulled out one of the smilestones and said, “This is for you, to ____________ you to keep smiling.”
【1】
A．public
B．painful
C．happy
D．social
【2】
A．noticed
B．knew
C．learned
D．imagined
【3】
A．travel
B．arrival
C．work
D．relaxation
【4】
A．accompany
B．consult
C．convince
D．comfort
【5】
A．delay
B．effort
C．caution
D．hesitation
【6】
A．pinned
B．drawn
C．fastened
D．fixed
【7】
A．puzzled
B．excited
C．scared
D．embarrassed
【8】
A．flashed
B．forced
C．hid
D．kept
【9】
A．challenge
B．protection
C．check
D．service
【10】
A．packing up
B．referring to
C．looking through
D．sorting out
【11】
A．form
B．manner
C．spirit
D．voice
【12】
A．uniform
B．hand
C．head
D．wallet
【13】
A．shyly
B．eagerly
C．bravely
D．cheerfully
【14】
A．situation
B．climate
C．environment
D．atmosphere
【15】
A．urge
B．warn
C．remind
D．persuade
33、 Being brave enough, girls are free to explore in their learning and life. That exploration leads to the ___________of their talents, passions and drawbacks. On Saturday night we saw one of our students act so bravely that it took my ________ away.
One of the lead characters of our show, Blue Stockings, was played by a science teacher, Ben Walker._________ , Ben broke his nose very badly playing football on Saturday and consequently couldn’t ________. Ella Jones, a Year I student and part of the cast, who ________ to rest on Saturday, was ________ to play Ben’s role.
Think about this. She had three hours’ ________, playing a role of a man she had never played before, in front of a/an ________ audience, and if she couldn’t ________, she would reduce the impact of the whole play. Not the end of the world, but it would be disappointing for all _________
Ella could have run, but she ________ to the challenge. She said, “I was astonished; However, I ________ the show must go on and I wanted to ________. I wasn’t scared ________ I arrived at the theatre and realized how much there was to ________. It wasn’t just about lines, but it was the stagecraft(舞台表演技巧). I was ________ about the other actors because I know how ________ it is to perform a role with someone who isn’t as invested, especially if it is an emotional scene.”
Asked how the show ________, Ella said, “It was amazing, and the audience seemed to love the male character I played for the first time.” She added, “Being scared doesn’t mean you can’t be ________. Anyway, I ________.”
【1】A.growth B.change C.discovery D.control
【2】A.pain B.faith C.breath D.feel
【3】A.Secretly B.Hopefully C.Unsurprisingly D.Unfortunately
【4】A.coach B.perform C.survive D.retire
【5】A.refused. B.decided C.happened D.promised
【6】A.asked B.forced C.trained D.reminded
【7】A.wait B.presentation C.training D.judgment
【8】A.cheering B.paying C.standing D.astonishing
【9】A.take it away B.look it up C.make it out D.carry it off
【10】A.watching B.regarding C.concerned D.referred
【11】A.faced B.met C.arose D.rose
【12】A.suspected B.questioned C.figured D.proposed
【13】A.win B.help C.desire D.quit
【14】A.until B.unless C.so that D.the moment
【15】A.put away B.hand in C.work out D.take over
【16】A.doubtful B.confident C.curious D.worried
【17】A.easy B.tough C.embarrassing D.interesting
【18】A.sounded B.improved C.started D.went
【19】A.brave B.proud C.calm D.shy
【20】A.got it B.saw it C.made it D.did it
34、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
AI artwork sells for $432,500 — nearly 45 times its high【1】 — as Christie’s becomes the first auction house to offer a work of art created by an algorithm. This portrait, however, is not the product of a human mind. It was created by an【2】 intelligence, an algorithm defined by that algebraic formula with its many parentheses. And when it went under the【3】 in the Prints & Multiples sale at Christie’s on 23-25 October, Portrait of Edmond Belamy sold for an【4】 $432,500, signaling the arrival of AI art on the world auction stage.
From a distance, Portrait of Edmond de Belamy looks almost plausible. Up close, however, the paintwork becomes a grid of mechanical-looking dots, the man’s face a golden blur with black holes for eyes. Look into those eyes. They show no sign of feeling or life. Did a computer make this?
The answer is yes. The first artwork【5】 by AI to be sold at Christie’s, its【6】 price would seem to suggest that in future we will get computers to make art for us. Robot van Gogh will harmlessly cut its ear off and robot Picasso will be a genius.
Is this the future AI art visionaries such as the French collective Obvious, which programmed this “painter” by getting it to compare its own work with 15,000 pre-20th century portraits, have in mind? Or are they just, God forbid, making a fast buck from deceivable art collectors? Because believing the algorithm that knocked this up to be in any meaningful way an “artist” is like thinking your voice-interaction programme is out to get you. Dream on. Computers would need to replicate human consciousness before they could replicate the funny thing humans do called “art”.
Art is a way in which human 【7】 expresses itself, and is equally true of the earliest cave art, Rembrandt’s portraits and Duchamp’s urinal. And that is what is missing from Portrait of Edmond Bellamy. Art is a way humans communicate ideas, perceptions and feelings to each other. It has no 【8】 outside the human passion to communicate. So in what meaningful sense can an AI replica of certain【9】 traits of old master paintings be called art?
For a robot to really make art, it would need an autonomous mind that was emotional as well as【10】. No AI developer has yet claimed to be anywhere near achieving that and if they ever do, their creation will probably have better things to do than paint portraits — like destroy humanity.
Maybe afterwards robots will invent their own kind of art, but it won’t be some poor pastiche of human genius.
It will be beyond anything we organics could imagine.
35、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Driving an electric car 【1】 to the protection of environment, or so the marketing departments of their makers would have you believe. Yet a report which analyzes car emissions presents a rather different picture. A battery-powered car recharged with 【2】 generated by coal-fired power stations, it found, is likely to be more harmful. It could cause more than three times as many deaths from pollution as a 【3】 petrol-driven vehicle.
The study was carried out by the University of Minnesota. The researchers estimated how levels of fine particulate matter (细颗粒物) and ground-level ozone — two important 【4】 of air pollution — would change when a car is powered by different ways.
It was no surprise that electric cars whose batteries were recharged with power from wind, solar or hydro-electric sources came out to be virtually free from harmful 【5】. They were estimated to cause 231 deaths over the course of a year, compared with 878 for petrol cars. Electric cars recharged with power from natural gas-fired stations were also a lot less harmful than petrol-driven ones, with 439 deaths. But if those same electric cars were recharged 【6】 by coal, they would be responsible for over 3,000 deaths.
Biofuels also caused more health problems than petrol. But diesel, which often 【7】 concern about pollution, is slightly cleaner than petrol. This is because the study assumes for all cars that emission-control technologies will be more widely used, especially particulate filters which have a remarkable effect on cleaning diesel 【8】. Diesel cars are also more 【9】 of fuel than petrol-driven ones.
Overall, the study shows that electric cars are cleaner than those traditional vehicles only if the power used to charge then is also clean. That is hardly a surprise, but the 【10】 of the difference is. How green electric cars really are, then, will depend mainly on where they are driven. In France, which obtains more than half of its power from nuclear station, electric cars look like a good bet. In China and some other developing countries, where a large amount of electricity is produced from coal, they may not be so environment- friendly as they are marketed.
36、Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Knowledge is free on the Internet at a small but 【1】 number of colleges and universities. About 160 schools around the world now put free course materials on the web to the 【2】. Recent additions in the United States 【3】 projects at Yale, Johns Hopkins and the University of California, Berkeley.
Berkeley said it would offer videos of lectures on YouTube. Free videos from other schools are 【4】 at the Apple iTunes store.
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) became an early 【5】 with its Open Course Ware project, first 【6】 in 2001. Free lecture notes, exams and other resources are published at ocw.mit.edu. Many exams even include the answers. Today, Open Course Ware offers materials from 1,800 undergraduate and graduate courses. These 【7】 from Physics to Political Science. Visitors can learn the same things as MIT students learn. But as the site points out, Open Course Ware is not an MIT education. Visitors receive no credit toward a degree. Some materials from a course may not be available, and the site does not provide 【8】 with teachers. Still, MIT says that the site has had forty million visits by thirty-one million visitors from almost every country. Sixty percent of the visitors are from outside the United States and Canada. Students and educators use the site, including students at MIT. But the largest number of visitors, about half, are self-learners.
Some professors have become well-known around the world as a result of 【9】 online. Walter Lewin, a physics professor at MIT, is 【10】 popular. Fans enjoy his entertaining lectures. MIT Open Course Ware now includes materials for high school. The aim is to improve education in Science, Technology, Math and Engineering.
37、根据句意填空
In the USA, the Amish-a Christian group-are famous because they drive 【1】 instead of cars, do not use TVs or refrigerators, and do not have personal telephones. Many people assume the Amish must have 【2】 reasons for their many rules, but this is not true. In truth, whenever a new technology is introduced, the Amish meet and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. They then vote on whether they will accept it. The Amish 【3】 cars because they like having 【4】 communities where everyone lives close together. They have no TVs or refrigerators because their homes do not have electricity-they do not think it is necessary and 【5】 dealing with strangers, such as the people who work at the electric company.
38、假定你是李华，疫情得到控制，现在你已经回校上课了。请你给你的外教Mrs. Smith写封感谢信，感谢疫情期间她对你的教导和帮助，内容包括：
1.感谢疫情期间老师对自己英语学习的帮助和信心上的鼓励；
2.表达对老师的想念以及衷心祝愿。
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39、假定你是李华，你的美国的笔友Peter来信询问你如何做好新型冠状病毒的自我防护以应对美国爆发的新型冠状病毒。请你给他回封信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 提出建议；
3. 表示安慰。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
新型冠状病毒：the novel virus
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40、Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Possible Health Dangers of Air-conditioners
Although many of us may feel air-conditioners bring relief from hot, humid or polluted outside air, they pose many potential health hazards. Much research has looked at how the movement of air inside a closed environment—such as an office building—can spread disease or expose people in the building to harmful chemicals.
One of the more widely publicized dangers is that of Legionnaire’s disease, which was first recognized in the 1970s. This was found to have affected people in buildings with air-conditioning systems in which warm air pumped out of the system’ cooling towers was somehow sucked back into the air intake, in most cases due to poor design. The warm air, filled with bacteria, was combined with cooled, conditioned air and was then circulated around various parts of the building. Studies showed that even people outside such buildings were at risk if they walked past air exhaust pipes.
Large air-conditioning systems add water to the air they circulate by means of humidifiers. In older systems, the water used for this process is kept in special reservoirs, the bottoms of which provide breeding grounds for bacteria which can find their way into the ventilation system. The risk to human health from this situation has been highlighted by the fact that the immune systems of approximately half of workers in air-conditioned office buildings have developed the ability to fight off the organisms found at the bottom of system reservoirs. But chemicals called “biocides” are added to reservoirs to make them germ-free, and they are dangerous in their own right in sufficient quantities, as they often contain compounds strongly linked to cancers.
Finally, it should be pointed out that the artificial climatic environment created by air-conditioners can also affect us. In a natural environment, whether indoor or outdoor, there are small variations in temperature and humidity. Indeed, the human body has long been accustomed to these normal changes. In an air-conditioned living or working environment, however, body temperatures remain well under 37℃, our normal temperature. This leads to a weakened immune system and thus greater exposure to diseases such as colds and flu.
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41、假如你是李华。最近你刚结束在英国为期一个月的交换学习。学习期间，你和房东Mr. Wilson结下了深厚的友谊。请根据下面的写作提纲，给Mr. Wilson发一封电子邮件。
内容包括：1. 表示感谢 2. 回顾他对你的照顾和帮助 3. 邀请他来中国游览
注意：1.词数100左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Wilson，
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Yours
Li hua
邮箱： 