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随时随地学习
随时随地学习
1、Here is a serious problem and there ________ a still more difficult task for us.
A．remain
B．remained
C．will remain
D．remains
2、After five hours’ drive, they reached _______ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.
A．that
B．where
C．which
D．what
3、Starting around 7,000 BC, and for the next four thousand years, much of the Northern Hemisphere ______ temperature warmer than at present.
A．Experiences
B．will experience
C．experienced
D．is experiencing
4、________ 8.4 on the Richter scale, the earthquake ________ left thousands of people homeless.
A．Measured, happened
B．Measured, happening
C．Measuring, that happened
D．Measuring, to happen
5、The bridge_________at that moment, so we had to take another way.
A．made
B．was making
C．was being made
D．was made
6、Tom’s new watch ________ hands are made of gold is quite expensive.
A. that B. which C. whose D. of which
7、—Mr. Smith must know a lot about Chinese history.
—_______. He has studied it for years.
A. So he does B. So does he
C. So he must D. So must he
8、The group of wild Asian elephants kept walking to the north all the way ______ they were taking a trip.
A．even if
B．as if
C．now that
D．so that
9、All the preparations for the task ________, and we’re ready to start.
A．completed
B．complete
C．had been completed
D．have been done
10、She was taken to a hospital ________ doctors found she had broken a bone in her upper leg.
A．when
B．which
C．what
D．where
11、Seeing the happy ______ of the mother and her baby playing on the grassland, I immediately took a picture of them.
A. view B. scene C. look D. sight
12、You should never_____to difficulties you meet in study
A. give in B. give up
C. give away D. give out
13、 The couple felt most angry about the way _____ the waiter of the hotel treated them.
A. by which B. in which
C. for which D. with which
14、What do you imagine ______ to Johnson?
A. happening B. having happening C. has happened D. to have happened
15、The very reason________ he gave for his stealing was________ he had to pay back the money he borrowed.
A．which; that
B．that; that
C．why; because
D．why; that
16、That’s the only way we can imagine ______ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
A．reducing
B．to reduce
C．reduced
D．reduce
17、The _________ on his face suggested that he was a little nervous.
A．instruction
B．expression
C．attitude
D．behavior
18、It was a pity that he was________ in the selection process for the director of the admissions office. He had been hoping for the position for a long time.
A．sliced off
B．passed over
C．settled down
D．crowded around
19、Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
20、Residents are directed to guard against the threat of fire as _____ continue to engulf many areas in New South Wales.
A．kits
B．flames
C．ponds
D．batteries
21、He ________that he would be given a chance to turn on a new leaf, but the boss rejected him.
A．thinks
B．thought
C．has thought
D．had thought
22、Xingyi is one of the most beautiful ________ in Guizhou.
A．cities
B．city
C．snack
D．snacks
23、Two years ago, the 9-year-old girl set up _____organization named Angel to help ____ homeless.
A. the; B. ; the
C. an; a D. an; the
24、（2016·北京）My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, he’s in his nineties.
A．as long as
B．as if
C．even though
D．in case
25、Four years later，she became the first woman _____ a degree in agriculture from that famous school．
A.receiving B.received
C.being received D.to receive
26、 Spending less time in REM sleep is related to a greater overall risk of death from any cause as well as from heart disease and other diseases except for cancer, a new study finds.
REM, which stands for rapid eye movement, is the stage of sleep in which we dream and information and experiences are consolidated and stored in memory. “The effect of short REM time on death has not been previously shown,” said Dr. Vsevolod Polotsky, who directs Sleep Basic Research at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
The study, published Monday in JAMA Neurology, studied the sleep patterns of 2,675 men who participated in the research “Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Older Men” (MrOS), which followed male sleep disorder between 2003 and 2016. Sleep was measured in an at-home sleep study at the beginning and again over a four-day period via a sleep watch.
Men in the MrOS study had a 13% higher heart and overall death rate over a dozen years for every 5% loss of REM sleep, even after adjusting for sleep and health variables. Results were mirrored in the Wisconsin study, even though study participants were younger, followed for a longer time—over 20 years.
“However, it is important to realize these findings are not a cause and effect but a connection,” said Polotsky, adding that there was also no control group, a key element of gold standard experimental studies.
Polotsky said the study did not include a representative sample of African Americans and other races, and may have not fully controlled for depression. Many of the participants were on medicine for depression, which he said are known to affect REM sleep. “I would take the study results with a grain of caution. Further studies needed to consider a possible contribution of depression and to examine this relationship in other races,” Polotsky said.
【1】What does the underlined word “consolidated” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Removed.
B．Weakened.
C．Strengthened.
D．Reduced.
【2】How did the researchers get the result?
A．By measuring adults’ sleep in the lab.
B．By studying the sleep patterns of men.
C．By adjusting for sleep and health variables.
D．By tracking both men and women’s sleep time.
【3】What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A．REM is the main reason of death.
B．The samples of the test groups were limited.
C．Depression was seriously examined in the test.
D．Drugs and medicine had little influence on REM.
【4】Which is the best title for the text?
A．REM and Heart Diseases
B．The More REM, the Better
C．MrOS, a Main Threat to REM
D．Less REM Sleep, Higher Risk of Death
27、If you’re a fan of hummingbirds(蜂鸟), then you probably know that at night they lower their body temperatures greatly by dropping into an energy-saving state of inactivity called torpor(麻木). A new study finds that the birds have more than one level of torpor. “There have been a few signs that this ability to fine-tune thermoregulation(温度调节)is possible,” said the lead author Anusha Shankar.
Shankar and her colleagues used a special method to track the body temperatures of three hummingbird species in Arizona: the blue-throated mountaingem, Rivoli’s hummingbird, and the black-chinned hummingbird. They measured the temperatures emitted from the skin around the eyes of the birds and found that differences in heat generation at various stages are noticeable
The normal daytime body temperature of a hummingbird is more than 100 ℉, even in cold weather. During shallow torpor, their body temperature drops by about 20 ℉. In deep torpor, the bird keeps a body temperature 50 ℉ below its normal daytime temperature. If human body temperature were to drop mere 3 degrees from the standard 98.6 ℉, we’d be in a state of hypothermia(低体温症)and, unlike hummingbirds, we would need outside help to get warm again.
“In this study, we found that the smallest bird used deep torpor every night,” said Shankar. “The bigger birds sometimes use deep torpor and sometimes shallow torpor, and sometimes no torpor at all.”
Shallow torpor may have developed to balance energy saving with the cost of deep torpor. In deep torpor, a hummingbird is much more likely to be affected by disease because its immune system(免疫系统)shuts down. And what’s more, it would get inadequate sleep and be easily harmed by its enemies.
Torpor is not the same as sleep. Sleep uses much more energy and serves many important functions. Daily torpor also differs from hibernation(冬眠). Hibernating animals enter a low-energy state for weeks or months at a time, while hummingbirds can enter torpor every night. But the researchers say their studies were done under laboratory conditions, not the conditions a bird would encounter in the wild. They say more research is needed to understand thermoregulation in birds.
【1】What does the new study show?
A．Hummingbirds’ torpor could be flexible.
B．Thermoregulation is common among birds.
C．Body temperature is vital to hummingbirds’ sleep.
D．Hummingbirds are sensitive to change in temperature.
【2】What would happen to a hummingbird if its body temperature drops by 50 °F at night?
A．It would suffer a lot in winter.
B．It would be in a state of hibernation.
C．It would be in a state of hypothermia.
D．It would regain normal body temperature without help.
【3】What does paragraph 5 tell us about the deep torpor of a hummingbird?
A．It may consume plenty of energy.
B．It ensures the bird gets enough sleep.
C．It does great harm to its immune system.
D．It can greatly threaten its welfare and safety.
【4】Which of the following statements shows the researchers’ opinion?
A．Their research is far from complete.
B．Their research method is much too complex.
C．It is easy to understand thermoregulation in birds.
D．It is difficult to distinguish hibernation from daily torpor.
28、 People in many parts of the world celebrate Arbor Day. They often celebrate by planting Iices. Many of the trees people plant on Arbor Day might live for 100 years or more. Some might live much longer.
Giant Sequoia
The giant sequoia is the world’s largest tree. One giant sequoia is also one of the oldest known trees. It is 3,500 years old. Giant sequoias grow on mountain slopes in eastern California where summers are dry and winters are snowy. The sequoias are one of redwoods.
Bristlecone Pine
The bristlecone pine is a long-living tree found in high mountains of the southwestern United States. The oldest bristlecone pine is 4,700 years old which makes it the oldest tree in the world. The tree is in California, but its exact location is kept secret because an even older bristlecone pine was cut down 45 years ago.
Sugi
The sugi, which grows in Japan, is often called the Japanese red cedar. It can grow to be 230 feet tall. It looks similar to a giant sequoia, but it has harder bark and longer leaves. The sugi is often planted along roads. Many sugis planted along those roads centuries ago are still living today. The oldest is 3,000 years old.
Huon pine
The huon pine grows in the wet southwestern corner of Tasmania, Australia. It is a slow growing and long-living tree. The oldest one is 2,500 years old. For many years, the huon pine was cut down for its beautiful golden wood. Today, however, laws protect the huon pine from being cut down.
【1】Which tree is the oldest in the world?
A.The huon pine. B.The sugi.
C.The bristlecone pine. D.The giant sequoia.
【2】What can we know about the Sugi?
A.It’s the national tree of Japan. B.It looks like a giant sequoia.
C.It is often planted in schools. D.It prefers wet and cold winter.
【3】Why was the Huon Pine cut down?
A.Its wood was attractive. B.It grew too slowly.
C.Its bark was harder. D.It was common.
29、Freshmen anywhere may be nervous about university life. Here, three pieces of advice are for them.
Listen but don’t be silent
The world is held in students’ hands via smart phones. Thus, they may consider lecture listening less important.【1】It forces students to face the difficulties of training a deep attentiveness (注意). Unsurprisingly, students find it hard to speak out, ask questions or for points of clarification. They don’t want to appear foolish or incapable. However, there is no such thing as a foolish question.
Teachers are there to help you understand. This also goes for seminars and workshops. 【2】
Read and buy books
【3】 There’re so many useful online sources today, but the habit of reading books, especially whole books, is something being lost. Buy your own books. There are many bargains to be found on used-book websites or through Amazon. Being a book lover and buyer will help any student get the most out of their education.
【4】
As a student, you don’t just have to learn to listen and become an active reader: you also have to become an academic (学术的) writer. Written work at college level cannot be done at the last minute or in a rush. It takes time. Turn to your teachers. If they will read draft essays then make sure you can get feedback (反馈) ahead of the final submission.【5】Students who get feedback on their work always do better than those who do not. It is one of the few educational laws that holds true in all cases.
A．Don’t try to do it all the night before.
B．However, a lecture is a listening workout.
C．Thinking clearly cannot be done in a rush.
D．So train your ear, listen carefully, but don’t be silent.
E．Reading is the most important thing that any student does.
F．Re-writing has proved to be the turning point in one’s degree.
G．If they won’t read drafts (草稿), then ask them to run through (匆匆浏览) your ideas.
30、The back door of the ambulance (救护车) was suddenly shut and the driver ran to the front, jumped into his seat, and started the engine. Inside were the _______ parents, Mr. and Mrs. Green, the mother holding their baby daughter Ally. The little girl had ________ food stuck in her throat(喉咙) and could hardly breathe.
The driver, Mr. White, _____ his siren (报警器) and flashing light, and started speeding towards the nearest hospital, fighting against ________. The cars ahead of him pulled out of the way as he drove through the ________. From the back of the ________ the parents were shouting at him to _____, since Ally had almost _________ breathing. In front of him he saw some traffic lights, with the red “STOP” light shining. Mr. White knew that he had no time to _________, so he drove straight past the traffic lights, looking _________ his left and right as he did so.
Coming towards him from his right was a taxi. The driver had the windows ______, since the car was air-conditioned(空调开放的), and he was playing his radio. He did not _______the ambulance. The lights were green, so he drove straight ________ into the path of the ambulance. Mr. White tried to stop his ambulance but it was too late. It hit the taxi. Everybody was shaken but no one was hurt. Mr. White looked to see _________Ally was. He was astonished to see relief (宽慰) instead of _______on the faces of the parents.
“Look!” cried Mrs. Green. “She is ______ again.”
“It must have been the _______.” said her husband. “It ______ the food out of her throat.” The baby’s color was turning to normal(正常的), and she was crying in a loud but healthy ____ . They were all joyful, and quite forgot about the accident, the taxi, and the lines of _______ all around them.
【1】A. worried B. angry C. happy D. surprised
【2】A. little B. some C. no D. few
【3】A. opened on B. turned on C. turned off D. sped up
【4】A. police B. enemy C. lights D. time
【5】A. empty street B. busy traffic C. crowds D. deserted place
【6】A. street B. cars C. traffic D. ambulance
【7】A. hurry B. be careful C. stop D. drive
【8】A. stopped B. kept C. prevented D. forbade
【9】A. think B. look about C. lose D. miss
【10】A. for B. from C. forward D. to
【11】A. open B. clean C. closed D. down
【12】A. hear B. see C. find D. notice
【13】A. away B. on C. off D. out
【14】A. how B. what C. where D. who
【15】A. pleasure B. anger C. fear D. surprise
【16】A. crying B. breathing C. smiling D. speaking
【17】A. light B. policeman C. car D. crash（碰撞）
【18】A. took B. picked C. knocked(撞击) D. made
【19】A. sound B. voice C. tone D. noise
【20】A. people B. policemen C. lights D. cars
31、根据课文原文填空，每空一词。
The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. Some of their great 【1】 included building towns and roads. The Vikings came in the eighth century, left behind lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many 【2】 across the UK. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the 【3】 system.
32、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Punishing children is a controversial(争议的) topic. Everybody has different opinions about how to act to correct a child’s behaviour. People have disagreements about whether it is good for a child’s education to punish him.
The word “punish” means different things to different people. Punishment can be physical or emotional. Physical punishment is when the parent hits the child. On the other hand, emotional punishment is when the parent, in order to educate the child, doesn’t let him watch TV, go to play with his friends, or do things like that.
Although many surveys and studies have showed what the correct way is to raise a child, nobody has the answer or the truth. There is no such thing as agreed standard about raising a child, so I think it will be very difficult to get everyone to agree.
I think parents should love their child and give him or her the best education, but at the same time, they should punish the child properly if he or she deserves it. The parent’s goal is to have a good man or woman in society in the future, so sometimes you should do what is necessary to get your child to behave well.
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