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随时随地学习
随时随地学习
1、________ a full discussion of the problem, the committee spent a whole hour exchanging their ideas at the meeting.
A．Have
B．Having
C．Had
D．To have
2、You can't wear this yellow jacket ______________ that shirt; it'll look terrible.
A.on B.above
C.up D.over
3、I have no formal clothes for the occasion. Perhaps I can ______ in a dark suit?
A.go by B.pass by C.drop by D.get by
4、--How do you usually go to work? –– I usually drive, but if it is fine, I ______ by bike.
A. will go B. would go C. have gone D. had gone
5、I can’t thank you ____ much for the kindness, because without your help I couldn’t have succeeded in the exam.
A.so B.too C.such D.that
6、— Have you bought the house?
— No, because I can only _____ 300,000 dollars for it.
A. offer B. spend C. charge D. owe
7、--I hear that there was a terrible crash in the subway in Shanghai the other day．
--Yes，_____ news came as _____ shock to all of us．
A．the; the B．a; /
C．the; a D．/; a
8、Monsanto, a big company, denies the novel coronavirus infection of one of its customers was caused by its product and says it will ______.
A.appeal B.apologize C.modify D.compromise
9、––Cathy is not coming to your birthday party tonight.
––But she ______!
A. promised B. promises
C. will promise D. had promised
10、The doctor’s dilemma was _____ he should tell the patient the truth.
A. whether
B. which
C. that
D. what
11、When you walk into any department store in Wuxi, chances are that you will see signs with a single digit number and the Chinese character zhe prominently displayed next to products that are on _____.
A. discount B. bargain C. sale D. reduction
12、More than a new invention like 3D printers ________to make replacement hearts and bone parts in the past few years.
A．is being used
B．are being used
C．has been used
D．have been used
13、Some believe that China faces similar problems as devices meant to fight crime _______ to invade privacy.
A. beginning B. begun C. begin D. had begun
14、We work during the week，but weekends and evenings are usually ________．
A. vacant B. casual C. empty D. clear
15、She did not feel a bit nervous though it was the first time she ___________ in public.
A. spoke B. have spoken
C. had spoken D. were speaking
16、The mother goes mad every time she washes the T-shirt__________ her son wipes his dirty hands.
A．that
B．where
C．which
D．when
17、Efforts will be made to______ new teaching models to exploit the students’ potential.
A. accelerate B. innovate
C. differentiate D. compile
18、The terrible situation required that the manager ________ present.
A.be B.was C.would be D.shall be
19、The ringing bell ________the end of the last class on Friday afternoon. Students rushed out of the classrooms and headed back to their dormitories.
A．confirmed
B．predicted
C．indicated
D．instructed
20、Take an active part in programs you enjoy______you can meet various kinds of people.
A.what B.when C.that D.where
21、 It was in the archives (档案室) of the Archbishop of York that Matthew Collins had a sudden insight: He was surrounded by millions of animal skins.
Another person might say they were surrounded by books and manuscripts written on parchment, which is made from skins, usually of cows and sheep. Collins, however, had been trying to make sense of animal-bone fragments from archaeological digs, and he began to think about the advantages of studying animal skins, already cut into rectangles and arranged neatly on a shelf. Archaeologists consider themselves lucky to get a few dozen samples, and here were millions of skins just sitting there.
In recent years, archaeologists and historians have awakened to the potential of ancient DNA extracted from human bones and teeth. DNA evidence has enriched — and complicated — stories of prehistoric human migrations. It has provided tantalizing clues to epidemics such as the black death. It has identified the remains of King Richard III, found under a parking lot. But Collins isn’t just interested in human remains. He’s interested in the things these humans made; the animals they bred, slaughtered, and ate; and the economies they created.
That’s why he was studying DNA from the bones of livestock — and why his lab is now at the forefront of studying DNA from objects such as parchment and beeswax. These objects can fill in gaps in the written record, revealing new aspects of historical production and trade. How much beeswax came from North Africa, for example?
Collins splits his time between Cambridge and the University of Copenhagen, and it’s hard to nail down exactly what kind of — ologist he is. He has a knack for gathering experts as diverse as parchment specialists, veterinarians, geneticists, archivists, economic historians, and protein scientists (his own background). “All I do is connect people together,” he said. “I’m just the ignorant one in the middle.”
However, it didn’t take long for his group to hit their first culture conflict. In science and archaeology, destructive sampling is at least tolerated, if not encouraged. But book conservators were not going to let people in white coats come in and cut up their books. Instead of giving up or fighting through it, Sarah Fiddyment, a postdoctoral research fellow working with Collins, shadowed conservationists for several weeks. She saw that they used white Staedtler erasers to clean the manuscripts, and wondered whether that rubbed off enough DNA to do the trick. It did; the team found a way to extract DNA and proteins from eraser pieces, a compromise that satisfied the team found a way to extract DNA and proteins from eraser pieces, a compromise that satisfied everyone. The team has since sampled 5,000 animals from parchment this way.
Collins is not the first person to think of getting DNA from parchment, but he’s been the first to do it at scale. Studying the DNA in artifacts is still a relatively new field, with many prospects that remain unexplored. But in our own modern world, we’ve already started to change the biological record, and future archaeologists will not find the same treasure of hidden information in our petroleum-laden material culture. Collins pointed out that we no longer rely as much on natural materials to create the objects we need. What might have once been leather or wood or wool is now all plastic.
【1】How is Collin’s study different from the study of other archaeologists?
A.He studies human skins and bones.
B.He is the first person to study animal skins.
C.He studies objects related to humans and their lives.
D.His study can provide clues to previous epidemics.
【2】Collin thinks of himself as ignorant because _____.
A.his major doesn’t help his research
B.he can’t connect experts of different fields
C.he finds it hard to identify what kind of — ologist he is
D.his study covers a wide range of subjects beyond his knowledge
【3】What can be inferred form the passage?
A.Destructive sampling is not allowed in the field of science and archeology.
B.Collin made a compromise by only studying copies of books made of animal skins.
C.Book protectors were opposed to Collin’s study because his group tracked them for several weeks.
D.It is difficult for future archeologists to study what society is like today due to plastic objects.
【4】What may be the appropriate title of this passage?
A.A new discovery in archaeology
B.A lab discovering DNA in old books
C.Archaeology on animals seeing a breakthrough
D.Collin’s contributions to the identification of old books
22、 Artificial flesh is growing ever closer to the real thing. Scientists in Australia have now created a new jelly-like material which they claim has the strength and lasting usage of actual skin, ligaments(韧带）,or even bone.
“With the special chemistry we’ve engineered in the hydrogel(水凝胶）,it can repair itself after it has been broken like human skin can,” explains chemist Luke Connal from the Australian National University. “Hydrogels are usually weak, but our material is so strong it could easily lift very heavy objects and can change its shape like human muscles do.”
Having a wet and soft material with such remarkable properties could be very important for the development of next-generation soft robotics and biomedical devices. Creating a shape-changing hydrogel that has multiple functions has proved an ongoing challenge for scientists, even with natural inspiration from sea creatures, such as jellyfish, sea cucumbers, and Venus fly traps.
While some hydrogels can withstand mechanical stress, others have self-healing properties, and a few more have the abilities to memorize shapes or change colours. As far as the ANU researchers know, no one else has been able to incorporate all these functions into one all-encompassing gel. At least, not at the speed and efficiency they’ve achieved.
Using this material, the researchers made extremely thin films of “flesh” without any breakage.
When these films were heated or cooled, they then changed into different shapes, bending one way or the other before returning back to their original state along with the temperature. If temperature is somehow used as a control, the authors think this gel could one day be moved like an artificial muscle. Researchers are trying to modify their temperature control technology accordingly and make a significant step towards turning this hydrogel into practical use.
【1】What do you know about the new material according to the text?
A.It looks like the jelly and functions like the robot.
B.It can be easily repaired by scientists after being broken.
C.It is likely to be the most multifunctional hydrogel at present.
D.It can hardly go back to its original shape after heated or cooled.
【2】What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the dynamic hydrogel?
A.Indifferent.
B.Neutral.
C.Negative.
D.Positive.
【3】What is the best title for the text?
A.Getting scientific inspiration from nature.
B.Lifting heavy objects by dynamic hydrogels.
C.Creating a new kind of flesh with chemistry.
D.Enabling artificial robots to heal themselves.
【4】What will the author most probably talk about in the following paragraph?
A.The characters of artificial flesh.
B.The creation of the dynamic hydrogel.
C.The shapes and colors of artificial flesh.
D.The application of the dynamic hydrogel.
23、 Colin Chapman, the founder of Lotus Cars, was one of motor racing's most influential engineers. He summed up his philosophy as "simplify, then add lightness". A simple, featherweight car might be slower on the straights than a beefy muscle-machine, he reasoned. But it would be faster everywhere else. Between 1962 and 1978 Lotus won seven Formula One constructors championships.
It appears to be an uncommon insight since humans always struggle with subtractive thinking. When asked to improve something, they tend to suggest adding new things rather than removing some, even when additions lead to not satisfying results. In one study conducted by Gabrielle Adams, along with colleagues at the University of Virginia, participants were asked to change a pattern on a grid(网格)of coloured squares to make it balanced. Although that could be done equally well by adding new squares or by deleting existing ones,78% chose the additive option.
But why people forget that less is often more? One experiment asked participants to redesign an unbalanced Lego structure so that it could support a house-brick. Participants could earn a dollar for fixing the problem, but each piece of Lego they added cut that reward by ten cents. Even then, only 41% worked out that simplifying the structure by removing a single block,rather than complicating it by adding more, was the way to maximise the payout. Practice improved people's chances of spotting subtractive solutions, suggesting that many were simply not thinking of the possibility, at least at first.
What all this amounts to is evidence for " additive thinking" entering the list of" cognitive biases"(认知偏差).The 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded for demonstrating that humans are not thinking logically as economists do. Instead of thinking a problem through and coming up with an ideal solution, they tend to use cognitive shortcuts that are fast and—mostly—"good enough".
【1】Why is Chapman's case mentioned in paragraph 1 ?
A．To prove his philosophy.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To support the argument.
D．To provide an example.
【2】What were the participants asked to do in Adams's study?
A．To balance a pattern.
B．To plus new squares.
C．To delete original squares.
D．To change a pattern's colour.
【3】What can we know about subtractive thinking from paragraph 3?
A．It can make things more complex.
B．It is a shortcut to gaining a fortune.
C．It can be facilitated through practice.
D．It is a common way to tackle problems.
【4】What does the author try to convey through the text?
A．Less is often more.
B．Think less and act more.
C．Additive thinking is a shortcut.
D．Economists think more logically.
24、This summer we witnessed interview teams at the North Pole wearing short sleeve shirts due to the warm weather. A study published on Aug 29 revealed more concerning issues in the supposedly coldest area of the world. Zombie ice from a massive Greenland ice sheet was confirmed to be melting, which would eventually raise global sea levels by at least 10 inches (27 centimeters) on its own, reported Associated Press (AP).
Zombie ice is the kind of ice that is still attached to thicker areas of ice, but is no longer getting fed by larger glaciers. Since glaciers are getting less snow to complement the amount of ice melted, once the zombie ice is melted, it cannot be re-formed.
Scientists decided to look at the balance of the ice. In perfect equilibrium (平衡), snow in the mountains of Greenland flows down and thickens the sides of glaciers, balancing out what’s melting on the edges, according to AP. But in the last few decades, there is less refill and more melting, creating an imbalance.
Study co-author William Colgan told AP that 3.3 percent of Greenland’s total ice volume will melt eventually. “Starving would be a good phrase for what’s happening to the ice”, Colgan added.
With a great number of natural resources buried under the earth, areas of melted ice revealed treasures that attracted the world’s richest men. According to CNN, in early August, there was a “treasure hunt” in Greenland. Billionaires, including Bill Gates and others, financially backed KoBold Metals, a US-based mineral exploration company, to explore the rare metals under the glaciers in Greenland. The company told CNN that since there were enough minerals to power hundreds of millions of electric vehicles, the critical resource is capable of powering the green energy transition. While investors are taking advantage of global warming, experts feared that the mineral exploration is likely to worsen the local environment, draining up the world’s resources at a faster rate.
【1】According to the text, what can we infer about zombie ice?
A．It’s complemented by nearby glaciers.
B．It will melt away from the ice cap.
C．It’s independent from large glaciers.
D．It has increased by up to 10 inches.
【2】What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．Why more zombie ice can’t be created.
B．How zombie ice is usually formed.
C．What the melting of zombie ice can lead to.
D．How zombie ice functions in the ecosystem.
【3】What is implied in the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?
A．The ice has brought about starvation.
B．The ice is refilled more than before.
C．The ice is becoming gradually thinner.
D．The ice has been good to skate on.
【4】How did the experts feel about the “treasure hunt” in Greenland?
A．Supportive.
B．Tolerant.
C．Indifferent.
D．Worried.
25、Freshman year of college. World History class. Our professor had announced that 30 percent of our final grade would be based on an _________ — completing at least twenty hours unpaid community service. “It is only for twenty hours, but I _________ you will be surprised at what can happen in those twenty hours,” he added.
After doing some research, I found an after-school _________ program and was paired with a fourth-grade boy named Steven. He was a little quiet but obviously _________. He didn’t need a tutor as much as he needed a friend. It seemed that most of his classmates _________ him.
We met twice a week for two hours, so it _________ took me five weeks to complete the necessary hours for my class. But when the hours were done, we _________ our twice-a-week appointment as usual. I enjoyed the time with Steven, and I could tell he’d grown _________ to me as well.
_________, as the school year came to an end, the moment of final parting came. That day, when I was heartbroken by Steven’s tearful eyes, I suddenly __________ I had a young boy in my life about the same age: my own brother. I had been so busy being an adult that I didn’t make time to __________ him.
It was time to change that. I started going on weekly dates with my brother. Even if it sometimes meant playing Pokemon, which seemed __________ to me, the sight of the __________ on my brother’s face made me feel it was worthwhile.
I still think about Steven and I am grateful that even though we didn’t get to continue our__________it was the interaction with him that reminded me I was __________ the relationship with my brother. My professor was right: A lot can happen in just twenty hours.
【1】
A．examination
B．experiment
C．assessment
D．assignment
【2】
A．guess
B．bet
C．predict
D．hope
【3】
A．nursing
B．cooking
C．tutoring
D．painting
【4】
A．intelligent
B．humorous
C．emotional
D．ambitious
【5】
A．adored
B．accompanied
C．inspired
D．ignored
【6】
A．nearly
B．only
C．eventually
D．hardly
【7】
A．ceased
B．cancelled
C．rescheduled
D．continued
【8】
A．attached
B．accustomed
C．related
D．addicted
【9】
A．Furthermore
B．Meanwhile
C．However
D．Therefore
【10】
A．expected
B．realized
C．recognized
D．imagined
【11】
A．attend to
B．answer for
C．respond to
D．think of
【12】
A．complex
B．immature
C．childish
D．foolish
【13】
A．astonishment
B．confusion
C．admiration
D．excitement
【14】
A．friendship
B．partnership
C．cooperation
D．communication
【15】
A．getting away with
B．missing out on
C．breaking away from
D．looking down upon
26、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a fantastic and cheery early summer day. The sun was shining brilliantly, with clouds dancing in the blue sky. The birds were singing merrily and the colourful flowers were in full bloom. There was a warm gentle breeze. Bright green leaves swung in the wind, occasionally falling to the ground, cast off from the trees they trusted.
It was a lovely morning to be outdoors, to enjoy oneself in the splendid beauty of nature. There’s nothing quite as curative as being out in nature. Little Bear hated being locked at home. He wanted to go out to relieve his boredom. While his mother was busy with the daily domestic tasks, Little Bear slipped out through the backdoor. He was so eager for independence that he ignored his parents’ words and raced off into the woods near his home on his own.
As he jogged along the winding path from his home, Little Bear felt like an adventurer. Soon, the stone path ended and he found himself in the forest. He had never been so far from home all by himself. As Little Bear explored the plants of different colors in the abundant green forest, the fear of being alone in the great outdoors began to wear off. He immediately began to regret his careless decision to escape from his parents.
By afternoon, the sun was burning hot. Little Bear was weak from hunger and thirst. He felt tired and hungry. He longed for his mother’s cooking. He longed for his nice cosy bed. He longed to go home. Little Bear scanned the surroundings. Everything looked unfamiliar to him. He was lost! There was not a soul in sight from whom he could ask for directions. Little Bear sat on a rock, alone and depressed. Looking down, all he could see were his little paw prints imprinted in the mud.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An idea suddenly came into Little Bear’s mind.
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Before long, he saw his familiar wooden cottage.
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