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随时随地学习
随时随地学习
1、Running a business, no matter where it is started, _______ plentiful market research, consistent integrity and a great deal of discipline.
A. clarifies B. involves C. undertakes D. digests
2、University majors should not be ________ market demand and the government should give more support for “unpopular” majors such as literature, history and philosophy.
A. in the form of B. in the process of
C. at the mercy of D. at the risk of
3、—Have you checked all the relief________ to the people in the disaster area?
—Yes, several times. But I'll check it once more.
A．sent
B．sending
C．to send
D．to be sent
4、I will keep drawing and see what happens. ________ I never become famous, this is what I love to do every hour of every day.
A．Even if
B．Unless
C．So long as
D．Now that
5、All I can do is________ a tricycle and make money for the students.
A．ride.
B．to ride
C．riding
D．rode
6、______ all of these factors in the job market, we can get the conclusion that young people should choose their job according to their interest.
A.In case of B.In view of C.In contrast to D.In comparison to
7、You ________ see a doctor because you have got a high fever.
A.will B.must C.may D.might
8、----Anything special about this device?
----Well, it can ______ between the cancerous and the normal cells under certain conditions.
A. conclude B. exclude C. discriminate D. undergo
9、The public were expecting the _______ of further details about the accident until thorough investigation.
A.receipt B.release
C.request D.reference
10、House prices are usually much higher ________ there are subway stations around.
A. where B. unless C. while D. though
11、To ______ the turkey, people often prepare other things, such as cornbread, mashed potatoes (土豆泥), and pumpkin or apple pie.
A.come across B.go with C.search for D.figure out
12、What was Jeff's ____ to the news that he was chosen to be chairman of the students' union?
A．reaction
B．impression
C．permission
D．conclusion
13、The suggestion came from the chairman ______ the new rule ______.
A. what; was developed B. that; was developed
C. what; be developed D. that; be developed
14、—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed
—I’m not sure, but he _______ in a traffic jam riding here.
A. could stuck B. should stuck
C. must have stuck D. might have been stuck
15、Diligence and self-discipline are ________ need to make it to our ideal university in the near future, especially at this particular moment.
A.all that B.all what C.that all D.what all
16、I hope when you come tomorrow, you _____ the reading and have something to share.
A. did B. are doing
C. will be doing D. will have done
17、This is the only way that I can think of _______ the problem of water waste in urban areas.
A．settling
B．to settle
C．settle
D．settled
18、—Will the color________ if the dress is washed?
—No, it won`t.
A．drop
B．walk
C．run
D．pass
19、See things in a negative light and you will find faults everywhere and problems where there are really _______.
A.none B.no one C.something D.nothing
20、When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center ________, for the National Games are to be held then.
A. will be constructing B. will have been constructed
C. has been constructing D. is being constructed
21、 Before the age of the smartphone, photographers had to learn how to use high-tech cameras and photographic techniques. Today, with the huge range of camera apps on our smartphones, we’re all good amateur photographers, since the quality of smartphone images now nearly equals that of digital cameras.
The new ease of photography has given us a tremendous appetite for capturing the magical and the ordinary. We are obsessed with documenting everyday moments, whether it’s a shot of our breakfast, our cat or the cat’s breakfast. Even photo journalists are experimenting with mobile phones because their near invisibility makes it easier to capture unguarded moments.
In the past, magazines published unforgettable photos of important people and global events that captured our imaginations. These photos had the power to change public opinion and even the course of history. But if there are fewer memorable images today, it’s not because there are fewer good images. It’s because there are so many, and no one image gets to be special for long.
As people everywhere embrace photography and the media make use of citizen journalists, professional standards appear to be shifting. Before digital images, most people trusted photographs to accurately reflect reality. Today, images can be altered in ways the naked eye might never notice. Photojournalists are trained to accurately represent what they witness. Yet any image can be altered to create an “improved” picture of reality. The average viewer is left with no way to assess the accuracy of an image except through trust in a news organization or photographer.
The question of the accuracy of images gets even trickier when photojournalists start experimenting with camera apps-- like Hipstamatic or Instagram --- which encourage the use of filters （滤镜）. Images can be colored, brightened, faded, and scratched to make photographs more artistic, or to give them an antique look. Photographers using camera apps to cover wars and conflicts have created powerful images--- but also controversy. Critics worry that antique-looking photographs romanticize war, while distancing us from those who fight in them.
Yet photography has always been more subjective than we assume. Each picture is a result of a series of decisions-- where to stand, what lens to use, what to leave in and what to leave out of the frame. Does altering photographs with camera app filters make them less true? There’s something powerful and exciting about the experiment the digital age has forced upon us. These new tools make it easier to tell our own stories--- and they give others the power to do the same. Many members of the media get stuck on the same stories, focusing on elections, governments, wars, and disasters, and in the process, miss out on the less dramatic images of daily life that can be as revealing.
Who knows? Our obsession with documentation and constantly being connected could lead to a dramatic change in our way of being. Perhaps we are witnessing the development of a universal visual language, one that could change the way we relate to each other and the world. Of course, as with any language, there will be those who produce poetry and those who make shopping lists.
【1】According to the author, there are fewer memorable photographs today because_________.
A.the quality of many images is still poor
B.there are so many good images these days
C.traditional media refuse to allow amateur photos
D.most images are not appealing to a global audience
【2】The author put the word “ improved” in quotation marks in order to _________.
A.indicate it’s a word cited from another source
B.stress that the picture of reality is greatly improved
C.draw audience attention to a word worth considering
D.show it’s arguable whether the picture is truly improved
【3】Which of the statements does the author most likely agree with?
A.The daily life pictures are very expressive themselves.
B.Photographs of the digital age are more subjective than before.
C.Photos altered by filters of camera apps are too subjective to be true.
D.Many members of the media value daily life images over major social events.
【4】What may be the best title for the passage?
A.Camera Apps Bury Authenticity
B.Photography Redefined: A Visual Language
C.Smartphone: Killer of Professional Photography
D.The Shifting Standards of Professional Photography
22、Humans are developing new places to live in. In the south of Silicon Valley sits the Monterey Peninsula, where you’ll find a moveable community that’s being designed as a rest region for the region’s tech elites(精英).
Walden Monterey was founded in 2016 by developer Nick Jekogian, who set out to turn the 609-acre land into a coastal “agrihood” community, a growing trend among the tech elites in which they avoid the idea of belonging to golf communities, unlike what the previous generations have done, and instead enjoy agricultural neighborhoods that focus on nature, farms, and outdoor living.
The property plans to build 22 homes in total, with the lots they sit costing about $1 million each(three lots have been sold, as of September 2018). After the sales are made, buyers can work with a team of more than 20 architects assembled by Jekogian to then pay additional millions each for home construction.
A key step in the buying process involves potential buyers actually visiting the land. Jekogian invites people to stay in “moveable rooms” or small moveable glass houses, which allow them to experience what living on the land would actually be like.
But now, Walden Monterey will soon provide a new way to try out the land. The design studio DFA, founded by Laith Sayigh, was approached by Walden Monterey to design a house for potential buyers to stay each in while they think about purchase decisions.
The 3D-printed houses, named Galini Sleeping Pods, are 300 square feet in size, can be moved anywhere, are powered by solar panels, wind turbines and Tesla batteries, and will cost about $250,000 each. Sayigh told Business Insider that they’ re not just a future staple for the Walden Monterey community, but that they represent the next generation of construction technology.
【1】What life do the tech elites like according to the text?
A．Getting close to nature.
B．Playing golf after work.
C．Living in a big house.
D．Having a house in Silicon Valley.
【2】What’s the purpose of designing Galini Sleeping Pods?
A．To attract more people to visit the design studio DFA.
B．To give a rule for the future construction technology.
C．To call on architects to build more moveable communities.
D．To offer buyers chances to try living in a moveable house.
【3】What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to? -
A．Solar panels.
B．The 3D-printed houses.
C．Tesla batteries.
D．The Walden Monterey Community.
【4】What can we infer from the text?
A．The style of the houses depends on buyers’ own ideas.
B．Buyers should pay off the expense of the houses in one attempt.
C．The money spent on constructing the houses is more than the cost of the lots.
D．Buyers of the houses are forbidden to get involved in the process of constructing.
23、 An important drug that serves as the backbone of treatment for most childhood cancers, has become increasingly rare, and doctors are warning that they may soon be forced to consider rationing doses(定量供应剂量).
There have been long-term shortages of certain drugs and medical supplies in the United States for years, but doctors say the loss of this medication, vincristine(长春新碱) is leading to lots of problems, as there is no appropriate substitute. “This is truly a sad situation,” said Dr. Yoram Unguru, a doctor at the Herman and Walter Samuelson Children’s Hospital at Sinai in Baltimore. “Vincristine is our water. It’s our bread and butter. I can't think of a treatment for childhood cancer that doesn't use vincristine.” Shortages of the drug will likely affect children throughout the country, he said, forcing doctors to make difficult decisions. “There is no substitution for vincristine that can be recommended.” Dr. Unguru said. “You either have to skip a dose or give a lower dose or beg or borrow.”
Vincristine is one of the drugs used to manage leukemia, the most common childhood cancer. The Children’s Oncology Group, a group of researchers at hospitals and cancer centers, has made recommendations for changing clinical trial treatment rules involving vincristine, including checking the hospital’s supply before trial enrollment, and considering using half the dose if the full amount is not available.
“We are all disappointed,” said Dr. Michael Link, a doctor at the Stanford University School of Medicine. Without vincristine, many children with acute lymphoblasicleukemia will still be cured, “but this is a difficult disease to treat in general, and with one hand tied behind your back, it makes it much more difficult.” Dr. Link said.
Until earlier this year, there were two suppliers of vincristine: Pfizer and Teva. In July, Teva made a “business decision to discontinue the drug,” according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).Since then, Pfizer has been the only supplier, and the company lately has been experiencing troubles with production. “Pfizer has experienced a delay, and we are working closely with them and exploring all ways to make sure this important cancer drug is available for the patients who need it,” the FDA said. Jessica Smith from Pfizer said the company would sped up additional shipments of the drug over the next few weeks in an effort to make up for Teva’s withdrawal from the market.
【1】Which of the following statements of vincristine is TRUE according to the passage?
A.It is quite rare and expensive. B.It is an irreplaceable drug.
C.It is widely used in adult cancers. D.It used to be as common as bread and butter.
【2】We can learn from Dr.Link’s words that _______.
A.vincristine will cause back pain
B.the treatment without vincristine is almost impossible
C.the treatment without vincristine can still be carried out
D.lack of vincristine will promote drug research
【3】What measures will the FDA take to solve the problem?
A.Exploring new ways to ship cancer drugs.
B.Making an effort to produce vincristine.
C.Cooperating with Pfizer to get more vincristine produced.
D.Persuading Pfizer and Teva to deal with the problem together.
24、 Colin Chapman, the founder of Lotus Cars, was one of motor racing's most influential engineers. He summed up his philosophy as "simplify, then add lightness". A simple, featherweight car might be slower on the straights than a beefy muscle-machine, he reasoned. But it would be faster everywhere else. Between 1962 and 1978 Lotus won seven Formula One constructors championships.
It appears to be an uncommon insight since humans always struggle with subtractive thinking. When asked to improve something, they tend to suggest adding new things rather than removing some, even when additions lead to not satisfying results. In one study conducted by Gabrielle Adams, along with colleagues at the University of Virginia, participants were asked to change a pattern on a grid(网格)of coloured squares to make it balanced. Although that could be done equally well by adding new squares or by deleting existing ones,78% chose the additive option.
But why people forget that less is often more? One experiment asked participants to redesign an unbalanced Lego structure so that it could support a house-brick. Participants could earn a dollar for fixing the problem, but each piece of Lego they added cut that reward by ten cents. Even then, only 41% worked out that simplifying the structure by removing a single block,rather than complicating it by adding more, was the way to maximise the payout. Practice improved people's chances of spotting subtractive solutions, suggesting that many were simply not thinking of the possibility, at least at first.
What all this amounts to is evidence for " additive thinking" entering the list of" cognitive biases"(认知偏差).The 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded for demonstrating that humans are not thinking logically as economists do. Instead of thinking a problem through and coming up with an ideal solution, they tend to use cognitive shortcuts that are fast and—mostly—"good enough".
【1】Why is Chapman's case mentioned in paragraph 1 ?
A．To prove his philosophy.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To support the argument.
D．To provide an example.
【2】What were the participants asked to do in Adams's study?
A．To balance a pattern.
B．To plus new squares.
C．To delete original squares.
D．To change a pattern's colour.
【3】What can we know about subtractive thinking from paragraph 3?
A．It can make things more complex.
B．It is a shortcut to gaining a fortune.
C．It can be facilitated through practice.
D．It is a common way to tackle problems.
【4】What does the author try to convey through the text?
A．Less is often more.
B．Think less and act more.
C．Additive thinking is a shortcut.
D．Economists think more logically.
25、It was the only time I had cried in front of one of my bosses at the TV Station. As we sat in my office, tears welled up in my eyes. I was _________ to explain why I was _________ whether to sign a new contract with the network. I wanted to be a team player, and I _________ saying no to the assignment, but that kind of _________ didn’t fit in with my life at _________, where I had a husband with a demanding job, a son aged 2 and a baby on the way.
So I decided to ask for an opportunity that would _________ my value and professional ambitions. Yet during the _________, my manager told me although she could _________ the struggles of a working mother, she _________ that the offer was final. I felt __________. I had worked painstakingly to __________ where I was professionally, but I had also worked so hard to have a happy family. __________, I decided not to sign the contract. __________ to choose between staying in my __________ and being a mom, I chose the latter, which I’ll never regret. And it didn’t really feel like much of a choice. It is __________.
【1】
A．choosing
B．helping
C．hesitating
D．struggling
【2】
A．worried
B．uncertain
C．bothered
D．panic
【3】
A．hated
B．imagined
C．considered
D．practiced
【4】
A．team
B．business
C．role
D．cooperation
【5】
A．home
B．work
C．school
D．war
【6】
A．share
B．recognize
C．increase
D．represent
【7】
A．programme
B．negotiation
C．quarrel
D．activity
【8】
A．appreciate
B．continue
C．win
D．understand
【9】
A．stressed
B．agreed
C．protested
D．realized
【10】
A．nervous
B．curious
C．desperate
D．surprised
【11】
A．get out of
B．get away from
C．get around
D．get to
【12】
A．Happily
B．Luckily
C．Initially
D．Finally
【13】
A．Pleased
B．Pressed
C．Desired
D．Determined
【14】
A．life
B．puzzle
C．career
D．comfort
【15】
A．fortune
B．forgiveness
C．nature
D．kindness
26、假定你是李华，你校留学生朋友David对中国书法(calligraphy)感兴趣，想加入书法社，故向你咨询书法社的相关情况。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 创建书法社的目的；
2. 书法社的活动内容；
3. 欢迎加入。
注意：1.词数应为80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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