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随时随地学习
1、Henry, it’s your turn. Please ____ the story where we left off before our coffee break.
A.make up B.take up C.bring up D.set up
2、Our school often organizes various after-school activities, _____our stress to some degree.
A.to relieve B.relieved C.having relieved D.relieving
3、I still have a few sweet memories of my childhood; ________, I remember times when I explored caves in the mountains with my friends.
A．in turn
B．by chance
C．in particular
D．by contrast
4、—Peter is always careless.
—Don't ________others; there is no perfect person.
A. keep pace with B. make sense of
C. find fault with D. take advantage of
5、— Mr. Anderson is popular with his students, for he is kind, strict and knowledgeable.
—No wonder he has such a good_________.
A. reputation B. tradition
C. preference D. presentation
6、––Do you mind if I smoke here?
––I suggest you go to the separate room ______ for smokers.
A. to reserve B. reserving
C. reserved D. being reserved
7、Scientists are making every effort to go beneath the surface of the data to the hidden possibilities.
A.release B.reveal C.reflect D.record
8、--- You didn't sleep well yesterday?
--- No, it was so cold. The fire in the fireplace________.
A．burnt out
B．put out
C．died out
D．went out
9、I like your products very much ________ quality but I think the price is too high.
A．in charge of
B．in place of
C．in terms of
D．in spite of
10、The exhibition, sponsored by the local government, will illustrate ________ life evolved from water.
A. whose B. what C. how D. where
11、The laptops made by our company sell best, but nobody could have guessed the place in the market that they ________ 20 years ago.
A. had had B. had C. were having D. were to have
12、—Why not take my car to the museum instead of walking?
—No, thanks_________.
A．I’m used to
B．I’m able to
C．I’m about to
D．I’ve got to
13、Much disappointed as he is in the job interview, he still keeps his confidence.
A. to have failed B. failed
C. having failed D. failing
14、—It’s really great to have a computer to store my photos.
—Don’t count on it too much. It ______ break down and you’d better make a copy of them.
A.must B.can C.should D.need
15、I can’t figure out why some foreigners must go out_______staying at home is the safest way during the outbreak of the virus.
A．until
B．before
C．unless
D．when
16、—Can we make it to the concert with such heavy traffic?
—Absolutely not.The pianist_______for about half an hour when we arrive.
A.will be playing B.has played C.will have played D.has been playing
17、Afraid __________? This type of anxiety can deeply disturb people’s enjoyment of social relationships.
A. of laughing at B. to be laughed at
C. of being laughed at D. to laugh at
18、The terrible situation required that the manager ________ present.
A.be B.was C.would be D.shall be
19、Here are four experiments we have to finish before June 6th, ________ two should be done in the wild.
A．of which
B．whose
C．in which
D．that
20、A growing number of family doctors are working fewer hours to avoid huge pension taxes, _________ already overworked surgeries are making fewer appointments for patients.
A.to mean B.meant C.meaning D.having meant
21、For the last 10 years, job listing site CareerBuilder has put out a list called “The Most Unbelievable Excuses for Calling in Sick.” For example, an employee said he couldn’t come in because his false teeth flew out the window while he was driving down the highway. The excuses were gathered through a survey that ran among 3,000 workers and 2,000 hiring managers.
The list is entertaining but there is a more serious issue hidden in this story. Federal law does not require private employers to give any paid sick leave, making the US the only one of the world’s wealthiest nations that doesn’t guarantee workers this right. Since 2006, cities and states have been adopting their own paid sick leave laws. California, Washington. DC and 13 cities including New York now require many employers to provide some sort of paid sick leave. But according to the Institute for Women’s Policy Research, 39% of private employees still have no access to paid days off. In the CareerBuilder survey, 38% of respondents said they go to work when they’re sick because they can’t afford to miss a day’s pay. The survey also shows that workers are taking a risk when they come up with far-fetched excuses. Nearly one in five employers says they have fired an employee for calling in sick with a fake excuse. If you’re spending the day at the beach while pretending to be ill, don’t post about it on Facebook. Nearly one in four employers (24%) has caught an employee lying about being sick by checking social media.
The motto of this story: If you really are sick, don’t come to work and spread your bacteria around the office. But if you just want to stay home, go with “I’m running a fever.” rather than one of these ridiculous excuses.
【1】The underlined word “far-fetched” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A. impossible to find B. likely to be true
C. difficult to believe D. easy to believe
【2】What problem is exposed in the survey?
A. Many employees have no access to paid sick leave.
B. Private employers make their workers work extra hours.
C. Some employees are not satisfied with their boss.
D. Private employers sometimes break the Federal law.
【3】An employee will run the risk of being fired if he ______.
A. asks for sick leave
B. lies about being sick
C. posts his holiday on Facebook
D. spreads bacteria around the office
【4】What will the author present following the last paragraph?
A. A list of survey data.
B. A list of serious issues.
C. A list of reasonable facts.
D. A list of ridiculous excuses.
22、In over 25 years, DeSimone has spun his research findings into commercial gold by launching several businesses. As a faculty member at the University of North Cai’olina, he provided scientific advice and held equity in the businesses. But he has never actually managed his companies. His employers bar him from simultaneously holding an academic post and an executive position. The dual roles can present huge conflicts.
Conflicts of interest (COIs)occur when an individual’s personal interests—family, friendships, financial, or social factors—could compromise his or her judgment, decisions, or actions in the workplace, and it makes sound career sense to think about how to manage them. Researchers should disclose potential or existing conflicts across all aspects of academic life.
In most places, COI management runs on an honor system. Researchers decide which financial holdings and relationships to disclose to university administrators. Journals and funders adopt a similar system when they ask authors and peer reviewers about potential conflicts related to manuscript or grant approvals.
Most research institutions offer training to help faculty members to understand what constitutes a potential or existing conflict. Administrators then decide whether the interest presents a conflict, and whether that conflict can be handled. If so, they create a management plan to address it. If not, researchers must abandon the work, partner with researchers at other institutions, or leave their university.
Perception plays a part in defining a potential conflict, warns Walt, a chemist at Tufts University. Investigators who develop a technology in the laboratory and then transfer it to their company could create a conflict of interest in the eyes of their students, Walt says. But the potential conflict can be avoided by drafting a licensing agreement that bars discoveries from automatically being transferred to the investigator’s company. Walt created such an arrangement to assure his students that they weren’t actually working for his private companies.
Relationships can pose conflicts when conference organizers are choosing speakers. Members of the American Society for Human Genetics program committee, which selects abstracts and talks for their annual meeting, must recuse(要求回避)themselves from considering talks by, for example, researchers at their current and past institutions, close collaborators and those with whom they have personal or familial ties.
Even differing points of view can play a part. Scacheri, a geneticist who chairs the committee, says that members who have disagreed personally with potential speakers might also be obliged to recuse themselves: “If you feel like you can’t be an impartial (公正的)reviewer, that is considered a COI.”
Handling COIs can be burdensome. COI managers emphasize that the goal is not to suppress innovation, but to expose potential conflicts so that they can be managed. “Nothing about the process is meant to be prohibitive,” says Grewal, a COI officer at MIT. Her institution wants to enable good science and the betterment of humanity. “During that process,” she says, “if you make some money, that’s good as well.”
【1】The example of DeSimone in Paragraph 1 is used mainly to________.
A．raise a question
B．report a finding
C．introduce a topic
D．present a theory
【2】To better deal with COIs,________.
A．researchers have to quit their job at the university
B．researchers should report the conflicts that possibly exist
C．institutions need to monitor the staff’s career and relationships
D．institutions should train researchers to create management plans
【3】What can we leam from the passage?
A．Grewal considers COI management exhausting and costly.
B．Walt arranged to transfer discoveries at his lab to his companies.
C．Conference organizers should avoid inviting unqualified speakers.
D．Scacheri believes personal viewpoints may impact a reviewer’s decision.
【4】What can we infer from the passage?
A．COIs can be defined depending on interpretations.
B．COIs benefit scientific innovation and better humanity.
C．COIs arise primarily due to the pursuit of financial gains.
D．COIs can be got rid of by promoting fairness in workplaces.
23、Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times. Shortly afterwards, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
The hotline is available in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 1, you can hear a group of kindergartners saying together, “You can do it! Keep trying, and don’t give up!” Pressing 2 brings the sounds of children laughing-a sound certain to bring a smile to anyone’s face.
Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, thought her students just might have the magic words needed to bring calm to people in difficult times. Ms. Martin worked with students at West Side on a project they called “PepToc”. Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” first. But when Ms. Martin’s 6-year-old son drew an ad for the hotline and spelled it “PepToc”, they decided they liked that even better.
Most of the project was completed in a day. Ms. Martin worked with students from kindergarten to the sixth grade. She had the same basic question for all the students-What could you say to help or encourage someone else? Students working on the hotline thought of what they would like to say. When they were ready, Ms. Martin recorded each one. Later, she sorted out the recordings into the different parts of the telephone hotline.
Ms. Martin thought the project would only attract interest from people near the school. But the hotline was soon getting hundreds of calls a day-and then, thousands of calls an hour. It’s become unbelievably popular with stressed adults, patients in hospitals, older people in homes, and others who just want to hear the happy voices of children.
【1】What does the text say about the hotline?
A．It is answered by teachers.
B．It has offered callers all kinds of help.
C．It’s mainly aimed at cheering kids stuck at home.
D．It enjoyed great popularity quickly.
【2】How did the project “PepToc” get its name?
A．Out of a mistake.
B．From a similar project.
C．On the recommendation of students.
D．At the request of Ms. Martin’s son.
【3】What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．Students’ interest in the hotline.
B．Primary purposes of the hotline.
C．What the hotline focuses on.
D．How the hotline was set up.
【4】What might Ms. Martin think of people’s response to the hotline?
A．Unacceptable.
B．Unreasonable.
C．Unexpected.
D．Unpleasant.
24、 Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year. This annual movement is called migration. They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or in search of warmer weather. One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
Every autumn, millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey. Somehow they manage to travel around 4, 000 kilometers south and find their way to California or Mexico. However, until recently no one knew how they did this.
A team of scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the answer. They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day. It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun. These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky—allow the butterfly to determine the way to go. Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. Its population has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the natural environment. They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.
The research on the monarch’s behavior has however led to a greater awareness of this creature. People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on. If this works, there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again. The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
【1】Which is not the purpose of animals’ migration according to the text?
A.To search for food. B.To look for a partner.
C.To breed young babies. D.To stay away from cold weather.
【2】What mainly caused the decrease in the number of the monarch butterflies?
A.Weather changes. B.Human activities.
C.Trees being cut down. D.The long migration every year.
【3】What can we know from the text?
A.All the animals migrate at fixed times of the year.
B.The monarch has the ability to identify the time of day.
C.The population of the monarch is decreasing rapidly every year.
D.No one knows how the monarch butterflies make their way to their destinations.
【4】What does the last paragraph imply about the research?
A.It is quite encouraging. B.it is fairly complex.
C.It is very unacceptable. D.It is rather useless.
25、Open Offices Can Lead to Closed Minds
“Loneliness is a crowded room,” as Bryan Ferry of the band Roxy Music once sang, adding that everyone was “all together, all alone.” The open-plan office might have been designed to make his point. That is not the reason for the layout, of course. The supposed aim of open-plan offices is to ensure that workers will have more ____ with their colleagues, and that the resulting ____ will lead to greater productivity.
Ethan Bernstein and Stephen Turban, two Harvard Business School academics, set out to test this proposition. The authors surveyed interactions between colleagues in two unnamed multinational companies which had ____ open-plan offices. They did so by recruiting workers to wear different devices to detect, record, and monitor their interactions, body movement, and their location.
At the first company, the authors found that face-to-face interactions were more than three times higher in the old, cubicle (小隔间)-based office than in an open-plan space where employees have clear lines of sight to each other. ____, the number of e-mails people sent to each other ____ by 56% when they switched to open-plan. In the second company, face-to-face interactions decreased by a third after the switch to open-plan, whereas ____ traffic increased by between 22% and 50%.
Why did this shift occur? The authors suggest that employees value their ____ and find new ways to ____ it in an open-plan office. They shut themselves off by wearing large headphones to keep out the ____ caused by nearby colleagues. Indeed, those who _____ open-plan offices seem to have forgotten the importance of being able to concentrate on your work.
____ also find other ways of communicating with their fellow workers. Rather than have a chat in front of a large audience, employees simply send an e-mail; the result (as measured at one of the two companies surveyed) was that ____ declined.
Cubicles do not offer a great work environment either; they are still noisy and cut off employees from natural light. But at least workers have more of a chance to give their work area a(n) ____ touch. Allowing plenty of room for pictures of children, office plants, novelty coffee mugs — these are ways of making people feel more relaxed and happy in their jobs.
However, an open-plan office is a clear ____ to low-level office workers that they are seen as disposable cogs in a machine. Combine this with the lack of privacy and the office becomes a(n) ____ place to work. Workers could stay at home but that negates the intended benefits of collaboration that open-plan offices bring.
【1】
A．room
B．contact
C．commitment
D．assessment
【2】
A．conflict
B．confusion
C．cooperation
D．congestion
【3】
A．stuck to
B．identified with
C．interacted with
D．switched to
【4】
A．As a result
B．In a sense
C．In addition
D．In contrast
【5】
A．increased
B．altered
C．weakened
D．decreased
【6】
A．road
B．air
C．e-mail
D．passenger
【7】
A．cooperation
B．partnership
C．privacy
D．enthusiasm
【8】
A．fuel
B．preserve
C．exchange
D．overcome
【9】
A．attention
B．discomfort
C．distractions
D．attraction
【10】
A．advocate
B．equip
C．combine
D．ignore
【11】
A．Researchers
B．Employees
C．Authors
D．Audiences
【12】
A．communication
B．crowdedness
C．concentration
D．productivity
【13】
A．decorative
B．finishing
C．personal
D．enhancing
【14】
A．message
B．layout
C．design
D．picture
【15】
A．productive
B．mismatched
C．undeniable
D．depressing
26、假如你是李华，在你校学习的英国交换生William对中国历史很感兴趣，打算在暑假出去旅游。他给你来信，请你帮他推荐一座中国历史文化名城。请你用英语回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 你的推荐；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 食宿建议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear William,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
邮箱： 