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随时随地学习
随时随地学习
1、—Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?
—Oh, really! I haven’t ________ my mailbox yet.
A. examined B. reviewed.
C. tested D. checked
2、It’s nearly four years since I worked in that firm. I ________ a band with other fellows.
A. operated B. had been operating
C. was operating D. am operating
3、If you see things in a negative light, you will find faults everywhere and problems where there are really ________．
A. none B. some
C. many D. nothing
4、I will try my best to get lo the station ahead of time ____ I have to walk all the way there.
A.so that B.as though C.even if D.in case
5、Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party.
A．will be bringing
B．have brought
C．have been bringing
D．were bringing
6、Some parents are just too protective.They want to ________ their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.
A.spot B.dismiss
C.distinguish D.shelter
7、Excuse me, Madam. Ellen, a journalist from the Daily Mail all day. Could you speak to him now?
A．was phoned
B．has been phoned
C．is phoning
D．has been phoning
8、Sometimes we have to face embarrassing moments ________ we can only keep silent.
A. who B. which C. when D. why
9、________ by his teachers made him regain the confidence in himself.
A. Praised B. Being praised
C. Praising D. Having praised
10、How long do you suppose it is ______ he arrived there?
A.when B.before
C.after D.since
11、 In my view, London's not as expensive in price as Tokyo but Tokyo is ______in traffic.
A.the most organized B.more organized
C.so organized as D.as organized as
12、For the Chinese dream ______ at an earlier date, we must accelerate the pace of reform and opening up.
A．being realized
B．to realize
C．realizing
D．to be realized
13、Only after talking to two students that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
A. I did discover B. did I discover
C. I discovered D. discovered
14、—Are you still willing to lend money to your roommate?
—Yes. I have always held the ______ that he is an honest fellow.
A.belief B.truth C.custom D.fact
15、Reading is a good way _____ a child’s imagination at an early age.
A. to develop B. developing
C. develop D. developed
16、Taking years________, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges.
A．completing
B．having been completed
C．to complete
D．completed
17、Hearing the news, she rushed out, ________ the book ________ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A．left; lain open
B．left; lay opened
C．leaving; lie opened
D．leaving; lying open
18、I’ve been away for 3 whole days. Can you ______ me on what’s happened here?
A.update B.evaluate C.indicate D.investigate
19、The writer has won the hearts of millions of children with the rich stories _______ from her childhood memories.
A. drawing B. to draw
C. draw D. drawn
20、We are living in an age most of things are done on cell phones.
A. which B. that
C. whose D. when
21、In recent years, a lot of “business thinking” books have been published, all of which search for new answers on how to run organizations effectively. Obliquity tells us that the most profitable companies are not the most aggressive in chasing profits. Wikinomics demonstrates new models of production based on community and collaboration. Peter Miller’s new book, Smart Swarm, however, challenge leaders to think differently. He studied creatures, like bees and ants and he found their habits, actions and instincts can be applied to business. Miller believes his book is the first time anyone has explained the science behind management theory. “The examples of how ant colonies (蚁群) or beehives (蜂窝) work are appealing models for organizations and systems that can be applied in a business context,” he says.
So how exactly can bees help run organizations? “By the way they work independently before they work together,” Miller says. “Picture a huge beehive hanging on a tree, with about 5,000 bees competing for space. They know their population is getting too big, leaving them unsafe. They must all agree to find a new home. In today’s business environment, managers need to be able to make the right decisions under intense pressure. Yet, it is clear that some of the best-paid leaders in some of the biggest organizations can get it dramatically wrong. How is it that they can fail to make efficient business decisions when a large group of bees can make a critical decision about their hive in just a few seconds?”
According to Miller, “swarm theory” can help managers in three simple steps: discover, test and evaluate. The bees first realize they have a problem. They then fly into the neighborhood to find potential new sites. They come back and perform a “dance” to get other bees to follow them. Eventually, the bees with the best dance attract the most votes – and a decision is made. Miller says. “The bee example tells you that you need to seek out diversity in your team. You need to have a way of gathering up quite different ideas so you can make sure you pick the right one.”
Ants, in addition, can help businesses organize workflow and people. In an ant colony, there is no leader. Ants are self-organized, and respond to their environment and each other. One ant on its own could not raid (袭击) a kitchen cupboard, but one ant telling the next one that it’s worth following him to find food ends up creating a food chain. “In an ant colony, you get the right number going in and out searching for food, you get the right number taking care of the babies,” Miller says. “As a manager, this can tell you that your hierarchy (等级制度) is getting in the way of getting the work done.”
【1】Miller believes his book differs from other “business thinking” books because ________.
A．it focuses on maximizing profits
B．it supports the theory with evidence
C．it corrects faults in similar books
D．it justifies the previous theory
【2】In the second paragraph, the author indicates that the behavior of bees can show managers how to ________.
A．make up for wrongly made decisions
B．justify exactly what the real problem is
C．draw the correct conclusions quickly
D．keep the team safe under great pressure
【3】According to the “swarm theory”, managers need to ________.
A．regard decision-making as a cooperative process
B．persuade others to follow your ways of thinking
C．accept different ideas and keep them balanced
D．pick out a right person to make the final decision
【4】Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Leadership skills can be developed through practical work.
B．Employees work more efficiently when organized by leaders.
C．Strengthened hierarchy is the guarantee of work efficiency.
D．Employees should be allowed to make their own decisions.
22、Tell us your story
“China and Me, Five Years from Now”
A．The contest is designed to celebrate economic development.
B．Only the Bank of China sponsored the contest.
C．Submitted works will be printed in newspapers.
D．Works should be handed in before June 20, 2021.
【2】What will winners of the contest get?
A．Have works shown in a certain section of the website.
B．Have a chance to display works at online forums.
C．Get a prize with their colleagues as a team.
D．Take part in a great award ceremony online.
【3】Which of the following will result in disqualification?
A．Writing an article of 600 English words.
B．Preparing five photos, each with an illustration of 400 English words.
C．Shooting a video of 4 minutes in a MOV format.
D．Having the exclusive legal right of the works submitted.
23、Coastal cities worldwide are squeezed by two opposing forces: urban sprawl (扩张) and the rising sea. This struggle is intensely visible in the flatlands where expanding neighborhoods routinely flood and saltwater flooding damages the river mouths that protect communities from the worst of our climate crisis.
Massive resources are being put into environmental restoration projects, and development is subject to many layers of approvals. Yet in 2022 the commissioners of a coastal city voted to expand a legal boundary that contains sprawl to allow a 400-acre warehouse project. They are failing to see the value of this land in the greater ecosystem.
Wetlands, coastal plains and forests do cheaply (or even for free) what seawalls and pumps do at a cost of billions of dollars. They are vital infrastructure (基础设施) that makes us more resilient against climate change, and the cost of destroying them or weakening their ability to function must be factored into the decisions we make to build and grow.
To do so, the economic incentives to develop any natural landscape should be weighed against the protective economic value that land already provides. Economists call this an “avoided damage” valuation. Local planning boards might consider the value of a sand dune or swamp in flood protection versus the expense of replacing it with a seawall and water pump system. Maintaining and restoring natural infrastructure to support healthy functioning saves money, time and lives.
The concept of “natural capital”, or the idea that ecosystem services should be valued in a similar manner as any form of wealth, dates back to the 1970s. Markets have always valued wood as a commodity (商品), for example, but not the services that came along with producing it, such as soil maintenance, carbon storage, and nutrient cycling. We didn’t need a market for resources that industrialists saw as abundant (丰富的) and endlessly renewable. This exploitative (开发资源的) assumption turned out to be very wrong. Failing to measure the benefits of ecosystem services in policy and management decisions is a major reason many of those ecosystems disappeared.
It also seems crass to place a dollar amount on ecosystems that we’d rather view as priceless, existing for their own sake and valuable to humans in ways that are beyond capitalism. This preciousness is ethically sound. But developers have long confused pricelessness with worthlessness, allowing them to profit without paying for the consequences of destroying the environment.
Economic value is never the only reason nature is worth preserving; it is simply a powerful, underused tool to help us make decisions about how to live more sustainably in a climate-changed world. If policy makers considered natural infrastructure in the language of economics, they might recognize just how deeply we rely on it.
【1】What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A．The consequences of the saltwater flooding.
B．The cause of the urban sprawl and the rising sea.
C．An approval to an environmental restoration project.
D．The problem caused by the expansion of coastal cities
【2】What can we learn from the passage?
A．The idea of natural capital can enhance the profit of commodity.
B．The economic growth boosts the protection of natural landscape.
C．The abundance of resources is not the reason for devaluing them.
D．The exploitation of nature reflects the “avoided damage” valuation.
【3】What does the underlined word “crass” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A．Inadvisable.
B．Beneficial.
C．Relevant.
D．Unrealistic.
【4】What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To appeal for stricter control over city scale.
B．To propose the use of nature as infrastructure.
C．To stress the importance of ecosystem services.
D．To promote public awareness of nature protection.
24、 If you’re reading this, it’s safe to assume you arrived by internet.
Maybe you caught the headline as it raced by on Twitter. Or you might be taking a break from watching a boring movie on Netflix.
It doesn’t matter. Because according to a new study, it all adds up to the same thing: one distraction（分心的事情）after another.
And the thing is, they’re welcome distractions. Because, as the research — published this week in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology — notes, people will do just about anything to avoid being left to their own thoughts.
For their study, researchers designed a sample test for more than 2,557 participants in 11 countries. They divided their test subjects into two groups. In the first group, people were asked to spend 10 to 15 minutes “entertaining themselves with their thoughts as best they could.”
Just sit back and think about things. Sounds good, doesn’t it? Well, not really. The second group — the one where people were told to surf the Net, play a video game, or even read a book — reported having much more fun. They scored more highly on entertainment and lower on boredom. And the preference for distraction seemed to be a global phenomenon, which may come as a surprise to Italians who are famously brilliant at doing nothing.
“The preference for doing external（外部的）activities such as reading, watching TV, or surfing the internet rather than ‘just thinking’ appears to be strong throughout the world,” the researchers note in the study.
But there does seem to be an important thing that hasn’t been included in the study. Shouldn’t the quality of thoughts matter? If you’ve got something positive to think about — say, how you’re going to spend your vacation or the great screenplay you’ve already half-written in your head — why are you reading this?
On the other hand, if you are always bothered by negative thoughts — a sad or painful experience, perhaps — by all means, keep scrolling（翻网页）.
Unfortunately, we won’t be able to take up much of your time here; it’s a short study that gets to the point in a hurry. Don’t worry though. There’s a whole world of distractions out there. Say, have you seen that ship teetering at the brink of Niagara Falls? And how about those charming cows? Bet you didn’t know they could smell you from six miles away.
And that’s something to think about.
【1】Why would the Italians be surprised at the phenomenon?
A.They prefer reading books to surfing the Net.
B.They’re convinced that thinking is significant.
C.They are used to being left to their own thoughts.
D.They seldom entertain themselves by surfing the Net.
【2】How was the study conducted?
A.By reference research. B.By comparative study.
C.By theoretical analysis. D.By experimental study.
【3】What seems to have been ignored in the study?
A.The quality of thoughts. B.The cause of the phenomenon.
C.The solution to the problem. D.The kinds of distractions.
【4】What’s the tone of the passage?
A.Worried. B.Disappointed.
C.Serious. D.Humorous.
25、 The government of India issued a lockdown in March due to the COVID 19 pandemic.
The _______ was badly affected by the pandemic. _______, millions of people lost their jobs, including Mohan Paswan—the _______ of 15-year-old Jyoti Kumari. They had no money for _______ and for food, so the landlord threatened to kick them out and _______ their electricity. Kumari and her father’s only _______ was to return to their home village in Bihar, which was more than 1,200 kilometers away.
_______ there were special _______ for migrants who wished to return home, Paswan was not able to walk to the railway station due to a(n) _______ from a traffic accident. Out of ________, Kumari used the 20 dollars they had left to buy a pink bike and ________ on May 8th for the village.
Kumari would ________ in the front, while her father would sit on the back seat with heavy luggage. They traveled more than 100 kilometers a day and only ________ at gas stations to sleep at night. Along the way, they ________ kind strangers who gave them food and encouragement; one truck driver even ________ the father and the daughter a ride for 30 miles.
They ________ arrived at the village on May 15th and were reunited with their family. This story of a ________ girl has moved the hearts of many people including the ________ of the national team and a director. Kumari has been invited to join the Indian ________ team in the 2024 and 2028 Olympics and has also received an offer to ________ as herself in an upcoming movie.
A．population
B．employment
C．ecology
D．election
A．However
B．Furthermore
C．Therefore
D．Anyway
A．uncle
B．father
C．boss
D．teacher
A．rent
B．clothes
C．tuition
D．recreation
A．cut out
B．cut up
C．cut in
D．cut off
A．chance
B．hope
C．effort
D．plan
A．As though
B．Now that
C．Even though
D．In case
A．bikes
B．flights
C．buses
D．trains
A．injury
B．loss
C．sickness
D．hurt
A．control
B．desperation
C．trouble
D．patience
A．set about
B．set aside
C．set off
D．set in
A．drive
B．lead
C．run
D．pedal
A．stopped
B．rested
C．refueled
D．sat
A．helped
B．encountered
C．contacted
D．found
A．gave
B．made
C．picked
D．provided
A．quickly
B．immediately
C．finally
D．properly
A．wise
B．kind
C．honest
D．brave
A．actor
B．nurse
C．coach
D．educator
A．motorist
B．cyclist
C．tourist
D．journalist
A．star
B．film
C．perform
D．show
26、假设你是高三学生李华，今年参加高考，考后就要面临填报志愿，你一直想当老师，可父母的愿望是让你当医生。请用英语给你在美国的叔叔写封信，陈述你的愿望和理由，请求叔叔帮
忙，以说服你的父母。要点如下：
1．受好老师的影响；喜欢和学生相处；
2．教师受人尊敬，有寒暑假等；
3．父母尊重叔叔的建议。
注意：1．词数100字左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出（不计人总词数）；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Uncle,
How I miss you! As you know, after the College Entrance Examination, filling the intention for university is around the corner.
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.
.
.
.
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Looking forward to your reply soon!
Yours,
Li Hua
邮箱： 