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1、To everyone’s surprise, the fashionable young lady ____ to be a thief.
A. proved out B. made out
C. turned out D. found out
2、―Sorry, I can't return your book today because I am only halfway through it.
― ________.I have plenty of other books to read.
A．No wonder
B．Take it seriously
C．Take your time
D．No doubt
3、Do you think regular exercise ___________ good health?
A. benefit from B. reach for
C. make for D. go for
4、When________ why he was sent there, he said he was sent there ________ for a space flight.
A．asking, being trained
B．asked, to be trained
C．to ask, trained
D．asked, training
5、—— Have they made the final decision?
—— Yes, but it’s ________ likely that they will change their mind again tomorrow.
A. rather than B. other than C. less than D. or rather
6、The drug is said to have side effects and has been __________ from the market for further tests.
A. withdrawn B. cancelled
C. renewed D. appointed
7、At a time when many public schools are being forced to cut music and art from the curriculum, the story’s insistence on the healing power of a cultivated imagination is both _____ and essential.
A.welcoming B.welcomed C.available D.welcome
8、He shouts when he gets angry, _________ is often the case.
A.which B.that C.when D.as
9、Several days passed before they came up with a satisfactory solution to the ________ in a / an ________.
A.problems discussed … unexpected way
B.discussed problems … way unexpected
C.problems discussed … way unexpected
D.discussed problems … unexpected way
10、While ________ thin, this kind of paper ________ easily.
A. looked; doesn't torn B. looking; isn't torn
C. looked; isn’t torn D. looking; doesn’t tear
11、________all the staff, I would like to wish you good grades in the end of the term.
A．In place of
B．On account of
C．On behalf of
D．In honour of
12、John was made ___ the truck for a week as a punishment.
A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing
13、Property crimes, such as motor vehicle theft, are the most common crimes _____ in the US.
A. committed B. committing
C. having committed D. to commit
14、-It's so perfect to perform such an opera in the Forbidden City.
-You can say that again. There could not be a ___________setting.
A.less awesome B.most awesome C.least awesome D.more awesome
15、A woman had a ________ escape yesterday when her car left the road.
A. necessary B. narrow
C. nervous D. neat
16、Zhang Ze took on a victory in the 2019 French Open, ___________we all regard as the highest-ranked Chinese male player.
A.which B.when C.who D.where
17、That dinner was the most expensive meal we .
A.would have B.have had C.had never had D.had ever had
18、It is a custom _______ hundreds of years.
A.dating back B.dates from C.dated back D.dating from
19、________ in Beijing University or Tsinghua University is what most students wish for.
A．To educate
B．Educated
C．Being educated
D．educating
20、The theory _____ by Einstein was later to prove true, but at that time few people could accept it .
A.put out B.put together C.put aside D.put forward
21、______ a wrong bus, the travelers found themselves in a small remote village at last.
A. Having taken B. To take
C. Taken D. Took
22、— We ＿＿ that you would fix the TV set this week.
— I’m sorry. I ＿＿ to, but I’ve been too busy.
A. had expected； had intended B. are expecting； had intended
C. expect； intend D. expected； intend
23、When the candidates came in, the interviewer made a ________ to them to take their seats at the desk. Which of the following is IMPROPER?
A.motion B.hint
C.sign D.signal
24、As he was not allowed to her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her.
A. appointment B. ambulance C. accompany D. adjustment
25、______our part as a global citizen, we need to know what is happening in the world.
A.To do B.Doing C.Having done D.Done
26、 One day, gardeners might not just hear the buzz of bees among their flowers, but the whirr of robots, too. Scientists have managed to turn an unassuming drone (无人机) into a remote controlled pollinator (授粉媒介) by attaching horsehairs coated with a special, sticky gel to its underbelly.
Animal pollinators are needed for the reproduction of 90% of flowering plants and one third of human food crops. Chief among those are bees — but many bee populations in the United States have been in steep decline in recent decades. Thus, the decline of bees isn’t just worrisome because it could disrupt ecosystems, but also because it could disrupt agriculture and economy. People have been trying to come up with replacement techniques, but none of them are especially effective yet.
Scientists have thought about using drones, but they haven’t figured out how to make free-flying robot insects that can rely on their own power source without being attached to a wire. “It’s very tough work,” said senior author Eijiro Miyako, a chemist at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. His particular contribution to the field involves a gel, one he’d considered a mistake 10 years before and stuck in a storage cabinet. When it was rediscovered a decade later, it hadn’t dried up or degraded at all. “I was so surprised because it still had high viscosity,” Miyako said.
The chemist noticed that when dropped, the gel absorbed an impressive amount of dust from the floor. Miyako realized this material could be very useful for picking up pollen (花粉). He and his colleagues chose a drone and attached horsehairs to its smooth surface to mimic a bee’s fuzzy body. They coated those horsehairs in the gel, and then controlled the drones over lilies, where they would pick up the pollen from one flower and then deposit the pollen at another one, thus fertilizing it.
The scientists looked at the hairs under a scanning electron microscope and counted up the pollen grains attached to the surface and found that the drones whose horsehairs had been coated with the gel had about 10 times more pollen than those that had not been coated with the gel.
Miyako does not think such drones would replace bees altogether, but could simply help bees with their pollinating duties. There’s a lot of work to be done before that’s a reality, however. Small drones will need to become more controllable and energy efficient, as well as smarter, with better GPS and artificial intelligence.
【1】What does the underlined word “viscosity” in Para.3 probably mean?
A.Hardness. B.Stickiness.
C.Flexibility. D.Purity.
【2】We can learn from the passage that______.
A.bees disrupt both agriculture and economy
B.scientists have invented self-powered robot insects
C.bees in the United States are on the edge of extinction
D.Miyako found the special feature of the gel by chance
【3】According to Eijiro Miyako, the drones______.
A.are not yet ready for practical use
B.may eventually replace bees in the future
C.are much more efficient than bee pollinators
D.can provide a solution to economic depression
27、 It's hard to say which was in worse shape：the run-down, century-old gallery or the cancer-ridden（患有癌症的）56-year-old man sitting on its old steps. For years, Greg Thomas would sit on those very steps and think of the times when he walked his dogs along the country roads in rural Minnesota. But in May 2009, he learned that the severe headaches, earaches, and jaw aches that he had suffered from for the past year were due to inoperable head and neck cancer. Doctors told Greg's family to be prepared to plan his funeral.
"I was sitting at the gallery and thinking one evening, "Greg said." I kept looking at the building and the shape it was in. I said, 'Before I leave this earth, I'd like to do something for you.”
Greg decided to fix the peeling paint and the leaking（渗漏的）roof, and the damaged steps and so on. He approached the gallery's association with a deal ： He would completely repair the building on one condition："I get a key to the front door so I can go in anytime I want to appreciate the paintings."
The more he worked on the gallery, the better he felt. As Greg continued fixing the gallery, medical scans told him some startling news：His tumors were reducing. Four years and 23 days after Greg's diagnosis, his doctors were able to remove his feeding tube. Today Greg's tumors are gone. He is considered officially recovered and no longer needs follow-up tests.
After five years of Greg's labor and love, the gallery has been restored（恢复）to its former glory. Greg finished his main project last summer, but he will probably always be involved in recovering its beauty (he still wants to replace some windows, for example). Greg held his third annual open house there near Christmas, inviting the entire community. "While I was restoring the gallery, " Greg says, "something was restoring me."
【1】What was Greg's plan that evening?
A.To rent the building.
B.To repair the gallery.
C.To hold an exhibition.
D.To study the paintings.
【2】When Greg was doing his work, he _______
A.stopped his medical treatment
B.received a large donation
C.got his health improved
D.prepared his funeral
【3】What does the underlined word "startling"in the fourth paragraph mean?
A.Misleading.
B.Disappointing.
C.Confusing.
D.Surprising.
【4】What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Work and love pay.
B.Seniors need more attention.
C.Cancer research progresses quickly.
D.Cultural relics lack proper protection.
28、 If you are traveling abroad, whether for business or pleasure, sooner or later you will find yourself in a local restaurant. The following dos and don’ts may help you behave properly in different countries.
France
“People don’t only insist on outstanding food and fine wine--they also set great store by good manners for eating at least in up-market restaurants,”. says Stephane Calmeyn. The French are old-fashioned about paying the bill to. “Women are often given a menu with no topics.” says Calmeyn.
Brazil
“In many restaurants, the bill is already equally divided by the number of people in your party.” Brazilian people traditionally keep track of how much they owe. “You collect your empty bottles under or next to the table, so that you can simply count them up at the end of the night” says Zampil.
Norway
In Norway it is perfectly acceptable to lean across someone to get the salt, pepper or butter “We call it Norwegian arms. The custom means you aren’t constantly troubling other guests to pass you this or that.” explains Carina Mælen. Another thing you are allowed to do is toast with an empty glass. “Because a toast is considered a symbolic action, and there is no need to always wait until every last person has filled their glass.” says Mælen.
Argentina
You won’t catch people sharing a table with strangers in an Argentinian restaurant, “They expect to be free from strangers’ attention.” says Daniel Weigandt. Invited to a friend’s home for dinner? “Whatever you do, don’t be early or even punctual. Ideally you should get there 10 to 15 minutes late!”
【1】What is traditional about dining in France?
A.The bill is often equally divided. B.Gentlemen usually settle the bill.
C.Customers collet their empty bottles. D.People make a toast with empty glasses.
【2】Why do people have Norwegian arms at table?
A.They prefer not to bother others. B.They consider it as a symbolic action.
C.They can’t wait to fill their gasses. D.They would like someone to pass the sauce.
【3】Which of the following countries values privacy most?
A.Brazil. B.France. C.Norway. D.Argentina.
【4】What is the purpose of the text?
A.To offer travelling tips to visitors. B.To introduce different table manners.
C.To encourage people to eat heathy food. D.To recommend restaurants in some countries.
29、 Earlier this month a study showed that bees can teach themselves to play football. They can learn by watching and, rather than copy what they have seen,change it to make it better. Bees also have a clever trick for helping their friends find lunch. New research shows that bees leave smelly little footprints on flowers that help them know what flowers they and their family members have recently visited.
The discovery was made by scientists from University of Bristol who report these smelly footprints help bees distinguish between their own scent(气味)，the scent of a relative and the scent of a stranger. And by using this ability ,bees can improve their success at finding good sources of a food and avoid flowers that have already been visited and mined of nutrients.
The Bristol team performed three separate experiments with bumblebees（大黄蜂）in which they were repeatedly exposed to rewarding and unrewarding flowers at the same time that had footprints from different bees attached to them. Each flower type either carried scent -marks from bumblebees of differing relatedness or were unmarked. The marks were either the bee's own marks, sisters from their nest ，or strangers from another nest.
The study shows that not only can bumblebees tell the marks of their own nest mates from strangers，but they can also discriminate between the smell of their own footprints and those of their nest mate sisters，which could help them to remember which flowers they have visited recently. But it doesn't explain how they use that in the wild. They may detect the footprints of their friends and keep moving on，since that flower may be tapped out. Or they may smell a bit of familiar foot smell and dive in，seeing it as a marker that nectar（花蜜）is present.
【1】What can we infer about bees in Paragraph1?
A. They are smart learners. B. They have strong family ties.
C. They enjoy smelly footprints. D. They like playing tricks on others.
【2】What does “this ability ”in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Finding good sources of food. B. Following other bees' footprints.
C. Telling the smells of footprints apart. D. Recognizing different types of flowers.
【3】What can we learn from the findings of the experiments?
A. It's easier for Bumblebees to recognize their friends.
B. It's unclear how bumblebees use their ability in the wild.
C. Bumblebees' memory can be significantly improved.
D. Bumblebees' footprints can give them a sense of identity.
【4】What is the main idea of the text?
A. Different flowers attract different bees.
B. Bees have a new trick of surviving in the wild.
C. Bumblebees may smell footprints to keep track of food.
D. Bumblebees can give off unique scents to attract others.
30、 The other day I shared knowledge on several aspects of Hindi (印地) culture with you. Today I’m hoping to paint a better picture of _______ it means to give in Hindi and how their generosity differs from_______of Western culture.
I was_______when we learned the expression “thank you” doesn’t really exist in Hindi. In the mountains, it is _______used, and people often seemed _______when we tried to thank them. They _______ either turn their heads, or shake their hands at us.
When we asked our Indian friends why this is so, they _______ that giving and generosity are vital parts of their culture. Giving is more of a_______of “changing hands” than an act of generosity. In their eyes, the foods they would give us were _______ really “theirs”. They see them as something passed along to them and now they are ________ passing them along to us.
The villagers were eager to ________ their best cucumbers to a passing stranger. ________, people in the U.S. tend to________old, used, or unwanted things ________their treasured ones.
________, during a coffee break, a friend told me about how he donated his ________clothes and shoes — just for the ________of giving up the possessions he likes most. Giving is ________Westerners can certainly do. We can practice ________giving away the things we value most — not only actual physical possessions, but also perhaps even more ________, our time and attention.
【1】A.what B.how C.why D.when
【2】A.one B.that C.it D.both
【3】A.amused B.shocked C.interested D.disappointed
【4】A.often B.occasionally C.sometimes D.seldom
【5】A.bored B.excited C.frightened D.annoyed
【6】A.could B.should C.would D.might
【7】A.explained B.realized C.decided D.learned
【8】A.picture B.change C.matter D.state
【9】A.ever B.never C.yet D.already
【10】A.simply B.equally C.obviously D.partly
【11】A.give back B.give out C.give away D.give in
【12】A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Meanwhile
【13】A.return B.possess C.share D.donate
【14】A.better than B.rather than C.more than D.less than
【15】A.Interestingly B.Obviously C.Importantly D.Luckily
【16】A.expensive B.beautiful C.favorite D.casual
【17】A.experience B.pain C.target D.reason
【18】A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything
【19】A.for B.about C.in D.by
【20】A.flexible B.significant C.efficient D.urgent
31、 Early in my teaching career, I heard countless amusing_______for why students didn't have their homework.I grew less likely to be _______ as time passed.And I also _______any of those excuses except a death in the_______.
"No excuses! " I_______ my eighth graders on the first day of school.When a student didn't have homework, I never asked why._______, I sighed loudly and _______a zero in the grade book.I soon gained the_______ I wanted as a strict teacher.
Then one afternoon,_______after the bell rang, Anthony________ me, saying"I don't want you to think I am too lazy to do my homework.As Anthony________,I could see his lips trembling." My parents work at night.I have to take care of my little brothers.""Why didn't you...” .I paused.I knew why.So I________ the question.Would you like to stay after class to finish your homework? "He________.
The next day I made a(n) ____________that I'd be offering an after-school study hall.Soon I had a room full of ________.Then I had many real "I don't have my homework because.."stories, but I ________ asked them why they were there.None were ________.
I gradually ________that human needs to understand and be understood.It is a general________More importantly, I learned"I will listen",________a lot better than"No excuses”.
【1】A.secrets B.excuses C.conclusions D.solutions
【2】A.frightened B.understood C.believed D.cheated
【3】A.ignored B.accepted C.admitted D.preferred
【4】A.hospital B.family C.church D.theater
【5】A.requested B.begged C.warned D.suggested
【6】A.Thus B.Besides C.Instead D.Otherwise
【7】A.recorded B.copied C.painted D.printed
【8】A.trust B.reputation C.confidence D.chance
【9】A.gradually B.frequently C.slowly D.shortly
【10】A.approached B.attracted C.urged D.guided
【11】A.went away B.passed by C.turned around D.looked up
【12】A.changed B.repeated C.solved D.doubted
【13】A.refused B.nodded C.participated D.quitted
【14】A.apology B.speech C.announcement D.guess
【15】A.parents B.brothers C.students D.teachers
【16】A.seldom B.often C.once D.still
【17】A.boring B.amusing C.inspiring D.disappointing
【18】A.decided B.imagined C.proved D.realized
【19】A.habit B.question C.principle D.power
【20】A.appears B.sounds C.develops D.works
32、I’d love to have been a journalist, But I wasn’t _________ enough. I was always able to write a good letter - I just couldn’t stare at a blank sheet of paper and _________ a story. But I went into advertising after university and _________ fell in love with it.
I always had the _________ of speech. I was schooled at the dinner table. My father used to _________ arguments, saying we needed to learn how to make our case. It could get pretty _________ , At school I ended IP being captain of lots of things, not because I Was the best player but because I could _________ people to do things. I learnt that you don’t have to be the most academically _________ , or even the most original thinker- _________ is a big part of the battle. No wonder I felt at home in advertising.
People __________ to stay in one company almost for life; 1 was always looking for the next __________ to learn. I got into the advertising industry at Ogilvy, then went .to Grey to __________ experience on the Procter: & Gamble account, and to Y&R to get creative experience. It __________ me. new-business director. Later I started my own business, HHCL, which was an amazing __________
My next move will be to __________ all my skills in pioneering work. I know there is no end to learning. I will live and learn,
【1】
A．brave
B．serious
C．creative
D．humble
【2】
A．listen to
B．refer to
C．put up with
D．come up with
【3】
A．blindly
B．merely
C．immediately
D．hardly
【4】
A．gift
B．habit
C．secret
D．style
【5】
A．start
B．avoid
C．evaluate
D．support
【6】
A．funny
B．heated
C．simple
D．boring
【7】
A．get
B．beg
C．force
D．allow
【8】
A．strict
B．dependent
C．precise
D．bright
【9】
A．ambition
B．responsibility
C．honesty
D．communication
【10】
A．failed
B．tended
C．learned
D．refused
【11】
A．turn
B．reason
C．method
D．chance
【12】
A．gain
B．share
C．present
D．exchange
【13】
A．showed
B．made
C．offered
D．brought
【14】
A．solution
B．discovery
C．success
D．schedule
【15】
A．quit
B．reflect
C．employ
D．change
33、After staying at home one afternoon for a delivery of discounted sink that never came, Valentin Romanov, a Stockholm IT manager ,installed a special lock on his flat’s entrance. When no one is in, deliverymen unlock the door and slip packages inside. Four months on, Mr Romanov has _______ his spending online and says he cannot imagine life without in-home deliveries. These are sweet words for delivery firms and online retailers(零售商), Amazon included, that are setting up_______ with lock manufacturers to overcome a big hurdle for e-commerce.
Traditional l deliveries fail so_______ that a parcel is driven to a home an average of 1.5 times in the Nordic region, says Kenneth Verlage, head of business development at PostNord, a logistics(物流) giant operating in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. It is an expensive _______ made worse, he says, by the fact that recipients have still often had to wait for a failed delivery. Some couriers leave packages on doorsteps, but this_______ theft. Of 1,000 Americans surveyed this year by Shorr, a packaging firm, nearly a third had been victims of “porch piracy”, as this is known. Two-fifths_______ certain online purchases for fear of it.
A number of firms now sell wirelessly connected locks which a courier’s delivery staff can open using a passcode or smartphone app after the ________ has issued a temporary authorization, before leaving home or remotely. Deliveries are filmed with an indoor security camera paired with the lock. The short videos are sent to parcel addressees and typically ________, comically in Mr Romanov’s view, with a jiggle of the door handle from outside to show that the departing delivery person has locked up.
Amazon began offering in-home deliveries in 37 American cities in November. Shoppers who have had a special_______ and camera installed (costing $199) can select in-home delivery at checkout. Like most firms offering the service, Amazon is tightlipped about user ______. The boss of August Home, a San Francisco maker of in-home delivery locks, says that already hundreds of thousands of delivery drivers, dog-walkers, cleaners and Airbnb guests use its app______ to enter others’ homes.
Offerings are ________. In 2018 August Home will go to Australia and Britain, and PostNord will launch in-home delivery in four Nordic countries. Walmart and Sears have tried it; Sears even tested unattended appliance repairs. Five logistics firms and two Swedish supermarket chains are trying or using locks from Glue, a firm based in Stockholm, for in-home deliveries.
________ suspect these efforts will not amount to much. Plenty of _______ will be fearful about theft. Rhino Security Labs, a Seattle computer-security firm, claims it hacked into and shut off the video in one Amazon lock-and-camera system. In-home deliveries are incompatible with burglar alarms. And what if an improperly fenced-off dog or cat slips outside? Or an heirloom on display gets knocked over? These are ________ questions. But e-commerce firms have unlocked harder ones.
【1】
A．doubled
B．deleted
C．checked
D．decreased
【2】
A．partnerships
B．branches
C．funds
D．conferences
【3】
A．occasionally
B．unexpectedly
C．miserably
D．frequently
【4】
A．development
B．purchase
C．tradition
D．inefficiency
【5】
A．records
B．invites
C．reduces
D．commits
【6】
A．avoid
B．make
C．control
D．assess
【7】
A．driver
B．manager
C．deliver
D．resident
【8】
A．start
B．end
C．disappear
D．emerge
【9】
A．door
B．computer
C．lock
D．application
【10】
A．experiences
B．preferences
C．numbers
D．backgrounds
【11】
A．illegally
B．keylessly
C．unknowingly
D．fearfully
【12】
A．threatening
B．multiplying
C．competing
D．shrinking
【13】
A．Designers
B．Advocates
C．Opponents
D．Adopters
【14】
A．consumers
B．firms
C．hackers
D．producers
【15】
A．unimportant
B．general
C．improper
D．tricky
34、Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the proper form of the words or expressions given in the frame. Each one can only be used once.
Why your Password May Not Be As Safe As It Seems? Does “qaz2ws” strike you as a nice safe password? What about “adgjmptw”? An analysis has found them to be among the passwords that are most 【1】 used, which of course means they are not secure at all.
When ten million passwords were leaked on to the internet，they appeared to 【2】that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful, even if, in the specific case of the leaked passwords, they are also completely pointless.
While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password”，there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to【3】. The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.
“Users are becoming slightly more 【4】what makes a password strong,” explained WP Engine, an internet company that performed the analysis. “For instance, adding a number or two at the end of a text phrase. That makes it better, right?”
But 【5】no. They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number “1” at the end.
Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond passwords. Yahoo! is giving users the option to 【6】 their mobile phone with an account, having a single use passwords texted to it each time they want to log on.
Although the serviced is voluntary, Dylan Casey an executive at Yahoo!，said that it was “the first step to【7】passwords”. He said it was a(n)【8】that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had. “I don’t think we, as an industry, have done a good enough job of putting ourselves in the shoes of the people using our products,” he said.
It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than same people’s improving upon “password” by using “password” or，“tran5p053d numb3r5 f0r 133tr3r5”.
“We are, for the most part，predictably【9】when it comes to choosing passwords, despite a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups” said WP Engine. “We love taking a(n) 【10】, and so do password crackers.
35、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
I have the【1】(great)job in the world. I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Sometimes using【2】(science)equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never【3】(bore).Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don’t mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people【4】 one of the most powerful forces on earth—the volcano.
B
Water is a precious resource. Every person needs it【5】 (survive),and we use it for cooking, drinking, growing our food and washing. However，it is scarce(缺乏的).Just 1% of water on Earth can【6】 (use)by humans. What’s more，treating water to make it clean and safe and pumping it to our homes uses up lots of energy. So, what can you do to help save water? One easy way is by【7】(turn)off the tap when you brush your teeth.
C
Robbie Phillips has become the first British person to complete one of the toughest challenges in rock climbing. 【8】(know)as the Alpine Trilogy(阿尔卑斯三部曲),the challenge consists of three climbs on mountains in Austria, Germany and Switzerland, 【9】Phillips completed in four years. Until now, only four other people【10】(conquer)all three of the extremely difficult climbs.
36、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?
Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.
In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.
When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.
Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.
Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.
That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.
And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.
But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.
Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.
Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.
In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.
37、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everyone has their own unique fingerprint; 【1】 makes fingerprints an ideal way to unlock smartphones. However, this may be 【2】 (safe) than we think.
Scientists at New York University and Michigan State University in the US have developed a set of fake fingerprints. They say that the prints 【3】 unlock any fingerprint-enabled smartphone up to 65 percent of the time.
The artificial fingerprints 【4】 (create) by using many common features found in human prints. They work 【5】 taking advantage of the way smartphone scanners check a fingerprint.
The fingerprint scanners 【6】 (use) in smartphones are so small that they only read parts of fingerprints. So they have to take many scans of your finger or thumb (拇指) 【7】 they work properly. Smartphones also let users save several finger and thumbprints. Since a print only has to match one of the saved images 【8】 (unlock) the phone, the scanner is more likely to make mistakes.
Although the scientists have only tested their findings in computer simulations (模拟), 【9】 (worry) about the safety of using fingerprints are reasonable .They warn that the technology used to create artificial fingerprints is improving 【10】 (extreme) fast.
38、假如你是李华，美国一所学校将于今年暑假组织学生来你校访问。你作为一名志愿者，代表全家写信给你的朋友Linda ，欢迎她的到来，并邀请她住在你家，并告知有关事宜。信的要点如下：
1.上午：参加学校组织的活动：参观校园，观看毕业生典礼等。
2.下午：游览市区和名胜古迹。
3.晚上：看电视，玩游戏，聊天。
注意：1. 词数100左右。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Linda, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
39、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One young academically excellent person went to apply for a managerial position in a big company. He passed the first interview and then the director did the last interview to make the last decision. The director discovered from the CV that the youth's academic achievements were excellent all the way, from the secondary school until the postgraduate research. Never did he have a year when he did not score.
The director asked, "Did you obtain any scholarships in school?" The youth answered, "None."
The director asked, "Was it your father who paid for your school fees?" The youth answered, "My father passed away when I was one year old, so it was my mother who paid for all my school fees."
The director asked, "What did your mother do?" The youth answered, "My mother worked as a clothes cleaner." The director requested the youth to show his hands. The youth showed a pair of hands that were smooth and perfect.
The director asked, "Have you ever helped your mother wash the clothes before?" The youth answered, "Never. My mother always wanted me to study and read more books. Furthermore, my mother can wash clothes faster than me."
The director said, "I have a request. When you go back today, go and clean your mother's hands, and then see me back here tomorrow morning."
注意：
1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Feeling his high chance of landing the job, when he went back home, the youth happily requested his mother to let him clean her hands.
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The director noticed the tears in the youth's eyes and asked, "What have you done and learned, young man?"
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40、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文
It was late, about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport, New York, train station, jumped into her minivan and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. She’s just returned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route so many times, she practically drove on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and then ----wham! Out of nowhere on that awful night of October 10, 2017, a car hit Esposito's minivan, forcing her backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She sat in the minivan, injured but mostly just stunned(吓晕) by the impact and by the vehicle's airbags.
As it happened, Pete Dipinto was getting for bed. He'd just closed his book and was ready to sleep when he heard the loud noise of metal on metal and broken glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer firefighter and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never stopped to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still in his pajamas(睡衣), ran out of the door. 'Any firefighter would have done what I did,' he said. 'We're always on duty.'
The first car he came upon, 2000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had hit Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and spotted Esposito's minivan straddling(横跨) the railroad tracks. And then he heard a shocking sound: the bells signaling an oncoming train.
'I see the headlight of the train. ' he said. DiPinto ran to Esposito's minivan and banged on the driver's side window. She just looked at him, her eyes unfocused. 'I don't know where I am,' she said. She seemed unhurt.
注意:
1、所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2、 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4、续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
'Honey, you're on the railroad tracks, and we have to get you off right now! ' DiPinto shouted.
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Paragraph 2:
Esposito was rushed to the nearest hospital and DiPinto kept her company until her family came.
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41、假定你是李华，是某国际学校的一名中学生，你校将举办主题为“低碳生活”的英语演讲比赛，旨在号召大家积极应对全球气候变暖。请你写一篇演讲稿参加比赛。
内容包括：1. 全球变暖的影响；
2. 如何实现低碳生活。
注意：1. 字数：100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
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邮箱： 